How does motivation and emotion relate to one another?
-Positive
emotions lead to creation of more goals by increasing your creativity and
inventiveness.
-Negative
emotions make us more realistic and avoid unattainable goals.
What is motivation?
- Intrinsic : performs its action for its own (internal reward)
- Extrinsic : performs an action to earn an (external) reward or avoid a punishment.
Goal Pursuit Cycle (2 Stages)
-Deliberative Stage: where one decides on a goal to pursue
-Implement Stage: one plans and implements specific actions to progress toward the goal.
Criteria for Goal Pursuit
Goal= Opportunity congruence.
Motivational properties become adaptive when they match up with opportunities for goal
attainment.
High Opportunity~ Engagement
Low Opportunity~ Disengagement.
Universality of Emotions
Paul Ekman’s Basic Method
- Had Tribesman and US college students pair stories with corresponding emotions.
- Found Universal Emotions ( Happiness, Sadness, anger, fear, disgust, surprise)
Link between emotions and Facial muscles
Facial Feedback Theory
- Feedback from face muscles can cause emotions.
Ex. Botox: causes diminished facial feedback----> decreased facial activity
Microexpressions: involuntary and express a person's true emotions.
Theories of emotion
● Sight of car incoming (Perception of stimulus)
James Langes theory
● Pounding Heart Arousal ----> fear Emotion
Cannon Card Theory
● Pounding Heart Arousal OR Fear of Emotion
Schacher Singer Theory
, Psych review
● Pounding Heart Arousal OR Cognitive Label “ Im Scared” ----> Fear emotion
Misattribution of Arousal
Schacher Singer
Gave participants a shot of epinephrine but told them it was the test drug “Suproxin”
- Half were told that they would have experiences of the shot epinephrine (increases
breathing and heartrate.)
- Other half were told that they would have experiences inconsistent with the shot
epinephrine ( numbness, itching, headache)
- They were left in a room with an actor that seemed euphoric and angry.
- Then asked emotions of those in the same room as the actor, and more reported that
they were experienced the same thing that the actor did. (Euphoric + Angry).
- They were unsure of what they were supposed to feel so they turned to the actor when
they were asked to explain.
Dutton Aron (1974)
- Attractive researcher approached men on either shaky and stable bridge
- Then they were asked to complete Thematic Apperception test where they were to write
a story about a picture.
- At the end, she said she was staying at a nearby hotel, and gave her number to them.
- Guys from the shaky bridge had much more sexual stories and more called her
- Misattributed physiological arousal ( fear from standing on shaky bridge) as attraction.
Ledoux’s model of emotion
-Faster and slower pathway of response
Faster: can have emotional reaction before one can fully process information.
Slower: Fully processes info before having reaction
Lecture 14
How do we define creativity? Originality, Surprise, Usefulness
Creative cognition: Networks used to support creative processes
- Executive control network : Control over thought contentm working memory; inhibition;
task switching.
- Default mode network: imaginative spontaneous thought; future thinking perspective
taking and mind wandering.
- Cooperation of these two networks ---> increasing attention and control over self
generated thought---> creative output.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller anyiamgeorge19. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.