-obesity
-ETOH
-Family hx
-polyposis
-UC
-Diet: high fat, high red meat, low fruits, low fiber
-Smoking
3. Colon cancer screening:
Answer:
Begin at 50
FOBT (fecal occult blood test)
Colonoscopy q 10y
-monitoring for recurrence using eval of serum levels of tumor marker
carcinoembryonic
antigen (CEA)
4. colorectal cancer manifestations:
Answer:
gradual onset of changes in bowel movements,
melena or hematochezia, weight loss, abdominal pain, and bowel obstruction.
, 5. decorticate posturing:
Answer:
characterized by upper extremities flexed at the elbows
and held closely to the body and lower extremities that are externally rotated
and extended.
occurs when the brainstem is not inhibited by the motor function of the cerebral
cortex.
6. esophageal varices:
Answer:
swollen, twisted veins in the esophagus that are especially
susceptible to ulceration and hemorrhage
hematemesis with resultant severe blood loss, hypotension, and even death.
7. risk factors for esophageal varices:
Answer:
Elevated pressure in the portal vein is a
risk factor for bleeding EVs.
Red color signs are elevated red areas that are important for predicting the risk of
variceal bleeding, and red wale markings, dilated venules oriented longitudinally
on the mucosal surface, have been considered to be the sign with the highest risk
Constipation, vomiting, severe coughing, and excessive consumption of alcohol
may precipitate rupture of EVs.
8. Scombroid fish poisoning:
Answer:
Toxicity due to ingestion of contaminated fish in
which bacterial substances convert compounds in fish tissue to histamine, more
correctly called histamine fish poisoning because affected fish can come from
families other than Scombroidei.
9. Scombroid poisoning:
Answer:
MOA: Bacterial histidine decarboxylase converts histidine
to histamine (which is not degraded by cooking)
AE: Acute-onset burning sensation of the mouth, flushing of the face, erythema,
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