Human development chapters 1-6 24/25
development - ANSWERSpattern of change begins at conception continues through life span. can be growth and decline (aging and dying)
normative age grade influences - ANSWERShave biological and environmental impact on development, similar for particular ag...
Human development chapters 1-6 24/25
development - ANSWERSpattern of change begins at conception continues through life
span. can be growth and decline (aging and dying)
normative age grade influences - ANSWERShave biological and environmental impact
on development, similar for particular age groups.
examples: puberty or menopause (biological)
retirement and starting school (environmental or sociocultural)
non normative life events - ANSWERShighly individualized. unusual life events that
have a major impact on the lives of individual people.
examples: death of a parent when a child is young, teen pregnancy, fire destroys home,
lottery win
prenatal - ANSWERSconception to birth
infancy - ANSWERS18 to 24 months
-depends on caregiver, lanuage, symbolic thought, sensiormotor coordination, social
learning all begins
toddler - ANSWERS1 1/2 to 3 years.
early childhood - ANSWERS3 to 5 years "pre school years"
-self sufficent, develop school readiness, spend more time with peers.
end is marked by 1st grade
middle/late childhood - ANSWERS6- 10/11 years
achieves self-control
masters reading, writing, math
adolescence - ANSWERS10/12-18/21 years
puberty, weight and height gain
independence, logic abstract realistic thinking, intimate realtions
early adulthood - ANSWERSearly 20's-30's
select mate, career, personal economic independence
family and children
middle adulthood - ANSWERS40-60 years
social involvement, assist next generation
late adulthhood - ANSWERSlongest span 60/70- death
retirement, adjustment to declining physical health
, nature - ANSWERSorganisms biological inheritance
example: genetic foundation
commonalities in growth- walk before talk, puberty in adolescence
nurture - ANSWERSenvironmental experiences
biological enviro: nutrition, accidents, medications
social enviro: peers, school, family, media, culture, community
trust vs mistrust - ANSWERS1st year. trust in caregiver and enviroment
autonomy vs shame and doubt - ANSWERS1 to 3 years. need sense of independence
if restrained or punished to harshly will result in shame and doubt
Initiative vs guilt - ANSWERS3 to 5 preschool. experiences require active, purposeful,
responsible behavior, guilt may arrive if child is irresponsible or made to feel too
anxious`
Industry vs inferority - ANSWERSelementary age. need to develop and master
knowledge, if incompetent or unproductive will feel inferior
Identity vs identity confusion - ANSWERSadolescence need to find out who they are,
what they are all about, and where they want to go in life
intimacy vs isolation - ANSWERSearly adulthood. need to form healthy intimate
relationships
Generativity vs stagnation - ANSWERSmiddle adulthood. help younger generation
develop and lead useful lives
Integrity vs despair - ANSWERSlate adulthood. reminiscence on life if life is well spent
integrity is achieved
sensiormotor - ANSWERSbirth-2 years.
understand world by connecting sensory experiences with physical motoric actions
symoblic thought toward end
preoperational - ANSWERS2-7years. represent the world with words, images, and
drawing. still cannot perform operations (that would allow you to do mental what you
can do physically)
concrete operational - ANSWERS7-11years. can perform operations that involve
objects. they can reason logically when applied to specific concrete examples.
formal operational - ANSWERS11-15 years and continued. abstract and more logical
terms, ideal circumstances, possibilities for the future, problem solving becomes more
systematic, develop hypotheses
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