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NUR 213 EXAM 2 2025 EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+
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NUR 213 EXAM 2 2025 EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+
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NUR 213 EXAM 2 2025 EXAM WITHCOMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS RATED A+
What happens to surfactant during ARDS? Why? Correct Answer
Type II pneumocytes, which produce surfactant, are damaged -
therefore surfactant is reduced.
Surfactant is also diluted by the excess fluid that has entered the
lungs
What does surfactant do? Correct Answer Increases lung
compliance (elasticity) and prevents alveolar collapse
As a result of the decreased surfactant activity - what happens to
the alveoli? Correct Answer they either collapse or they become
fluid filled - either way they can no longer function in gas
exchange
As a result of the inability to perform gas exchange by the alveoli -
what happens in the lungs? Correct Answer ~edema forms
around terminal airways.
~lung volume and compliance is further reduced.
~fluid continues to leak in more lung areas.
~poorly inflated alveoli receive blood but cannot oxygenate it
resulting in *hypoxemia and ventilation perfusion mismatch*.
ARDS: Key Clinical Indicators Correct Answer Hypoxemia even
with 100% O2.
Decreased lung (pulmonary) compliance.
Noncardiac-associated bilateral pulmonary edema.
,Dense pulmonary infiltrates.
Refractory Hypoxemia - Hallmark of ARDS - Resistant to
supplemental oxygen.
ARDS assessment findings you will see in the first 24-48 hours:
Correct Answer dyspnea,
tachypnea,
dry cough,
fatigue,
tachycardia.
ARDS Assessment Findings: Correct Answer First 24 to 48
hours: dyspnea, tachypnea, dry cough, fatigue, and tachycardia.
Accessory muscle use (intercostal/substernal retractions).
Pallor.
Diaphoresis.
Even with supplemental oxygen, skin may look cyanotic and
mottled.
Auscultation reveals adventitious breath sounds (crackles,
rhonchi, and wheezes) or increasingly diminished breath sounds.
As oxygenation and perfusion diminish, patient may become
agitated, anxious, confused, and restless.
ARDS initial symptoms inlcude: Correct Answer Dyspnea,
Restlessness,
Tachypnea,
tachycardia,
Cough,
Crackles,
, Hypoxemia,
Initially respiratory alkalosis d/t hyperventilation.
Δ in LOC
Later ARDS symptoms inlcude: (Think..>>>hypoxemia) Correct
Answer Noisy respiration.
Sternal retractions.
Bradycardia.
↓blood pressure.
Oliguria.
Cyanosis.
Hypercapnia ...resp/metabolic acidosis.
V-fib.
Asystole.
What is the Hallmark of ARDS Correct Answer Refractory
Hypoxemia - Resistant to supplemental oxygen.
ARDS - As oxygenation and perfusion diminish, patient may
become: Correct Answer agitated, anxious, confused, and
restless.
What is Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury? Correct Answer
Non cardiogenic pulmonary edema associated with the activation
of the inflammatory response due to a recent transfusion of
plasma containing products:
~whole blood
~PRBCs
~platelets
~FFP
Acute Lung Injury can result from injury that does not directly
involve the lungs such as? Correct Answer Nervous system
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