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TEST BANK For Fundamentals of Nursing Care: Concepts,
Connections & Skills Edition 3rd Edition By Burton
(All Chapters) Latest Complete Guide
Chapter 1 The Vista of Nursing
1. The first practicing nurse epidemiologist was
a. Florence Nightingale.
b. Mildred Montag.
c. Clara Barton.
d. Mary Agnes Snively.
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses
connected poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mildred Montag, Clara Barton,
and Mary Agnes Snively came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing
profession in her own way. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross. Dr. Mildred
Montag established the first associate degree nursing program in 1952. Mary Agnes
Snively began forming the Canadian National Association of Trained Nurses in 1883.
2. The American Red Cross was founded by
a. Florence Nightingale.
b. Harriet Tubman.
c. Clara Barton.
d. Mary Mahoney.
ANS: C
In 1882, the United States ratified the American Red Cross, founded by Clara Barton.
Florence Nightingale established the Training School for Nurses in London, England, in
1860. Harriet Tubman was active in the Underground Railroad movement during the
American Civil War. Mary Mahoney was the first professionally trained African American
nurse.
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3. Nurses working in the Henry Street Settlement in 1893 were among the first nurses to
demonstrate autonomy in practice. This was because those nurses
a. Had no ability to work in the hospital setting. b. Were required to use critical thinking
skills. c. Focused solely on healing the very ill. d. Planned their care around research
findings. ANS: B In 1893, nurses working in the Henry Street Settlement were some of
the first to demonstrate autonomy in practice because they encountered situations that
required quick and innovative problem solving and critical thinking, and provided
therapies aimed at maintaining wellness, as well as curing the ill. Nursing hospitals
expanded in the late nineteenth century and were major providers of nursing care. Not
until the early twentieth century was there a movement toward a scientific,
research-based body of nursing knowledge.
4. In 1923, the Goldmark Report was an important study that
a. Formed formal nurse midwifery programs.
b. Established the Center for Ethics and Human Rights.
c. Revised the ANA code of ethics.
d. Led to the development of the Yale School of Nursing.
ANS: D
In 1923, the Goldmark Report identified the need for increased financial support for
university based schools of nursing. As a result, the Yale School of Nursing was
developed. Graduate nurse midwifery programs did not come into existence until the
1940s, and the Center for Ethics and Human Rights was founded in 1990. The ANA
code of ethics was published in 1985 and was last updated in 2001.
5. The major difference between a baccalaureate degree nursing program and an
associates degree nursing program is that the baccalaureate program includes studies
in
a. Basic sciences and theoretical courses.
b. Social sciences and humanities.
c. Theoretical and clinical courses.
d. Basic sciences and clinical courses.
ANS: B
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Both associates degree programs and baccalaureate programs focus on basic sciences
and on theoretical and clinical courses. Baccalaureate programs, however, also focus
on courses in the social sciences, arts, and humanities to support nursing theory.
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced
practice nurse and has earned her masters degree as a family nurse practitioner.
However, she seems unfulfilled and has a strong desire to do research. To fulfill her
desire, the nurse most likely would apply to attend a program that would lead to a
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc).
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD).
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP).
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN).
ANS: B
PhD programs emphasize basic research and theory and are research oriented.
Professional doctoral programs in nursing (DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply
research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is a practice doctorate that prepares
advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
7. The nurse is caring for her patients and is focused on managing their care as
opposed to managing and performing skills. This nurse demonstrates which level of
proficiency according to Benner?
a. Novice
b. Competent
c. Proficient
d. Expert
ANS: C
The proficient nurse focuses on managing care as opposed to managing and
performing skills. The novice nurse deals with a specific set of rules or procedures,
which are usually stepwise and linear. The competent nurse understands the
organization and the specific care required by specific types of patients and has
experience with psychomotor skills. The expert nurse identifies patient-centered
problems, as well as problems related to the health care system.
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8. Which of the following resources guides faculty on structure and evaluation of the
nursing curriculum?
a. ANAs Standards of Nursing Practice
b. Essentials of Baccalaureate Education
c. NLNAC Interpretive Guidelines
d. Standards of Professional Performance
ANS: B
The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) published Essentials of
Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing: A Final Report (1998), which guides
faculty on structure and evaluation of the curriculum and the performance of the
graduate. The ANAs Standards of Nursing Practice demonstrates the critical thinking
model known as the nursing process. Standards of Professional Performance describes
a competent level of behavior in the professional role. NLNAC Interpretive Guidelines
identifies core competencies for the professional nurse.
9. The nurse is caring for the patient who has had major abdominal surgery and also
has a large sacral pressure sore. The nurse implements coughing and deep breathing
exercises and consults the wound care specialist to evaluate and prescribe care for the
pressure sore, even though no physician order has provided instructions to do so. In
doing this, the nurse is implementing the element of
a. Autonomy.
b. Accountability.
c. Advanced practice.
d. Nurse practitioner.
ANS: A
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing. Some independent nursing
interventions such as implementing coughing and deep breathing exercises and
collaboration with other health professionals can be initiated without medical orders.
Accountability means that the nurse is responsible, professionally and legally, for the
type and quality of nursing care provided. Advanced practice nurse is an umbrella term
for advanced clinical nurses such as nurse practitioners who provide care to a group of
patients.
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