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AP Government Court cases reviewed questions with actual answers.
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AP Government Court cases reviewed questions with actual answers.
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AP Government Court cases reviewedquestions with actual answers.
The Crown v. Zenger ANS -Zenger published articles criticizing Crosby, the governor at that time. Zenger
was found guilty despite his attempts to publish his truthful opinions. Because this was before the
Government was even formed, this led to the freedom of press used today. Because at this time it was
illegal to right criticism in the government. This was a monumental case because Zenger definitely broke
the law but the jury refused to find him guilty, so this in a way the people helped freedom of the press.
Barron v. Baltimore ANS -the Bill of Rights limited only the actions of the U.S. government and not those
of the states. The case that made it law that the Bill of Rights only applied to the federal government. So
unless your state Constitution gave you freedom of speech, you cannot speak your mind.
Gitlow v. New York ANS -noted that the states were not completely free to limit forms of political
expression. In Gitlow, the Court ruled that the states cannot revoke their freedom of speech. Gitlow was
a socialist who advocated anarchy. He appealed to the Supreme Court because he felt his rights were
abridged. They ruled that states have to follow the bill of rights as well. This is called incorporation. They
can make policy only as it pertains to the people in front of them.
Incorporation comes directly from Gitlow and states that the Bill of Rights also applies to the states.
Engel v. Vitale ANS -Public schools cannot make you pray. But if your were in public school and wanted
to say a prayer, that's fine. Administration cannot even mention or say prayer. Public schools are funded
by the government, which means that it is abridging their free exercise to pray in a public school.
Employment Division v. Smith ANS -There are limits to your free exercise. Paouti is a drug that many
Indian tribes use to get high as a part of their religious ceremonies to get in touch with their faith. Smith
as a state employee got fired for having traces of this drug, and stated that it was bad because your free
exercise cannot break federal laws.
Schenk v. US ANS -The Supreme Court upheld the Espionage Act, ruling that Congress had a right to
restrict speech "of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that will bring about the
substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent. The government convicted two thousand
Americans for urging resistance of the draft and passing out anti-war pamphlets. The Court suggested
that it was constitutional to throw him in jail.
, New York Times v. US ANS -the Court ruled that the United States government could not block the
publication of secret Department of Defense documents illegally furnished to the Times by anti-war
activists. The Pentagon papers were papers regard the US involvement in Vietnam that contradicted the
story that Americans were telling about Vietnam. It was proof that the government was in fact lying. The
New York Times started to publish the papers and it ultimately expanded freedom of the press. The US
government was trying to block them because it was a threat, but the Supreme Court said they should
be able to publish them
Nebraska Press Association v. Stuart ANS -a case that a involved a challenge to the aciotos of a state
court judge who barred press reports of an ongoing trial, that any attempt by the government to
prevent expression carried "a heavy presumption' against its constitutionality." Helped establish the
freedom of the press and what the government can and cannot regulate.
Stomberg v. California ANS -the Court overturned a communist youth camp director's conviction under a
state statue prohibiting the display of a red flag, a symbol of support for Communism and opposition to
the U.S. government.
Tinker v. Des Moines ANS -the right of high school students to wear black armbands to protest the
Vietnam War was upheld
In recent years, however, the Court has appeared less willing to support the standards established in
Tinker
RAV v. City of St Paul ANS -a St Paul, Minnesota, ordinance that made it a crime to engage in speech or
action likely to arouse "anger," "alarm," or "resentment" on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, or
gender was challenged. The Court ruled that a white teenager who burned a cross on a black family's
front lawn, thereby committing a hate crime under the ordinance, could not face charges under the law
because the First Amendment prevents governments from silencing speech on the basis of its content."
The Court finally narrowed its definition after much criticism, ruling that state governments could
constitutionally restrict cross burning when it occurred with the intent of racial intimidation.
Texas v. Johnson ANS -Johnson burned an American flag as means of protest against Reagan
administration policies. The Court ruled that the burning of the flag was a protected expression under
the first Amendment. Because it is a sign of symbolic speech
New York Times v. Sullivan ANS -Ruled that a finding of libel against a public official could stand only if
"actual malice," or a knowing disregard for the truth, was shown
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