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MN 551 Unit 1 test fully solved & updated.
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MN 551 Unit 1 test fully solved & updated.
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MN 551 Unit 1 test fully solved &updated
Cell
smallest functional unit that has the characteristics necessary for
life
- exchange materials with their environment
- obtain energy from nutrients
- make complex molecules
- some can replicate themselves
Tissue
cells combine to form tissues based on their embryonic origin; then
the tissues combine to form organs
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Brainpower
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eukaryotic cells
made up of internal membrane-bound compartments called
organelles
Contain: nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane
, organelles
small organs within a cell
example: nucleus
prokaryotes
do not contain membrane-bound organelles
example: bacteria
protoplasm
composed of:
- water: makes up 70-85% of the cell's protoplasm
- proteins: makes up 10-20% of the cell's protoplasm
- lipids: makes up 2-3% of the cell's protoplasm
- carbohydrates: makes up 1% of the cell's protoplasm
- electrolytes: small amounts present
Proteins
Proteins are polar and hydrophilic (water loving), making them
soluble in water. Examples of proteins include enzymes necessary
for cellular reactions, structural proteins, ion channels, and
receptors.1 Proteins can be bound to other substances to form
nucleoproteins, glycoproteins, and lipoproteins.
Lipids
Lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic (water fearing), making them
insoluble in water. They are the main parts of cell membranes
surrounding the outside and inside of cells. Examples of lipids
include phospholipids and cholesterol. Some cells also contain large
quantities of triglycerides. In fat cells, triglycerides can make up as
much as 95% of the total cell mass.1 This is stored energy, which
can be broken down for use wherever it is needed in the body
Carbohydrates
These serve primarily as a rapid source of energy.
Electrolytes
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