Bio Sci 93 Exam Questions With All Complete Solutions Current Update (Verified Pass)
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Course
Bio Sci 93
Institution
Bio Sci 93
Bio Sci 93 Exam Questions With All Complete Solutions Current Update (Verified Pass)
What is the difference between an atom and an element? Give Ex - Answers - element refers to the substance as a whole and atoms are usually the particular units of the substance.
Ex: Oxygen is an important ele...
Bio Sci 93 Exam Questions With All
Complete Solutions Current Update
(Verified Pass)
What is the difference between an atom and an element? Give Ex - Answers -✔✔
element refers to the substance as a whole and atoms are usually the particular units of
the substance.
Ex: Oxygen is an important elements. Most oxygen is found as 2 oxygen atoms bound
together.
List the elements most common in biological organisms. Find two examples of
molecules that contain a rare element. - Answers -✔✔ Most common: oxygen, carbon,
hydrogen, and nitrogen.
Important too: Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulfur, Sodium, Chlorine, and
Magnesium.
What is a valence electron? For the list of common biological elements, find each in the
periodic table and list another element with the same number of valence electrons. -
Answers -✔✔ The electrons in the outermost shell of an element are valence electrons.
Find a list of common ions in biology. Which of these have gained an extra electron?
Have any gained or lost more than one electron? - Answers -✔✔ Hydrogen (1) looses
its electron. Sodium (11) looses an electron. Chlorine (17) gains an electron.
List the elements commonly found in each type of biomolecule. - Answers -✔✔
List the types of chemical bonds and give examples of each. - Answers -✔✔ Ionic
bonds. ex: sodium chloride (NaCl)
Covalent bonds. ex: two hydrogen atoms 1+1=2 which fills the first electron shell.
Hydrogen bonds. ex: hydrogen from H2O connects with Nitrogen in NH3.
Compare and contrast the types of chemical bonds. - Answers -✔✔
Explain why biological ionic compounds dissolve in water. - Answers -✔✔ water is
attracted to charged or polar compounds, and surrounds the individual molecules or
ions, separating from each other. Surrounds them with a hydrogen shell.
what are the six most common biological elements? Rank them in order of low to high
electronegativity. - Answers -✔✔ hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and then oxygen.
, Define bonding capacity and list from memory the bonding capacity of the most
common biological elements. - Answers -✔✔ The number of unpaired valence
electrons. Hydrogen (1e)= 1 bonding capacity.
Carbon (6e)= 4 bonding capacity.
Oxygen (8e)= 2 bonding capacity.
Explain how bonding capacity and electronegativity affect covalent bonding. - Answers -
✔✔ know.
Explain what determines whether a covalent bond will be polar or non polar. Find
examples of each . - Answers -✔✔ A covalent bond will be polar or non polar
depending on the amount of atoms of an element that it has. If there is an unequal
amount of atoms of a certain element, then it is polar because it spends more time on
one atom.
2 atoms of Hydrogen- non polar
2 atoms of Oxygen- Non polar.
Water (H2O)- Polar
Methane (CH4)- non polar
Define hydrogen bonding. Describe two properties of water that demonstrate hydrogen
bonding. - Answers -✔✔ weak interactions that form between that form btw the
hydrogen of a polar molecule like water (H2O) and the electronegative atom like
Ammonia. (NH3).
Describe what makes a molecule hydrophobic. Find examples. - Answers -✔✔ being a
non polar molecule makes a molecule be hydrophobic.
Define a biological acid and base. - Answers -✔✔ Acids are molecules that donate a
proton. Base is a molecule that accepts. proton.
What determines whether a solution is acidic or basic? - Answers -✔✔ their ph. Lower
ph= more acidic. Higher ph= more basic. Solutions that have extra protons are more
acidic meaning that they can donate protons. Solutions that are more basic have less
protons and are in a higher ph.
Describe what happens to protons when a biological acid or base is added to water.
How does this affect pH? - Answers -✔✔
List all seven functional group structures and names, and know which are polar, and
which might be charged. - Answers -✔✔
Describe the characteristics of all four types of biological macromolecules? Which are
polymers? - Answers -✔✔ 1. carbohydrates- the individual monomer is glucose (sugar)
POLYMER.
2. amino acids
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