Exam (elaborations)
ABSITE Vascular questions and answers rated A+2025/2026
- Course
- Institution
ABSITE Vascular questions and answers rated A+2025/2026
[Show more]
Content preview
ABSITE VascularDescribe the danger factors related to atherosclerosis: - ANSSmoking, diabetes,
hyperlipidemia, weight problems, HTN, sedentary lifestyle
Arterial ulcers vs venous ulcers - ANSArterial ulcers—painful and usually arise on feet or
foot
Venous ulcers—typically huge-based totally, shallow at medial malleolus
Claudication— - ANScramping ischemic muscle pain with exertion that occurs distal to
arterial stenosis, associated with 1% risk of limb loss and five% mortality.
Rest ache— - ANSdue to ischemia, arises with out exertion and classically wakes patients
from sleep (often over distal metatarsals). The pain may resolve with status or setting foot
over aspect of mattress (dependent position, gravity). >50% patients subsequently require
amputation.
Dry gangrene— - ANSnecrotic "mummified" tissue with out signs of infection—not a surgical
emergency
Wet gangrene— - ANSnecrotic tissue indicative of active infectious method—calls for
competitive debridement or amputation to keep away from sepsis
How are ankle brachial index/digital brachial index (ABIs/DBIs) and segmental pressures
measured? Pulse quantity recordings (PVRs)? What is their significance? - ANSNormal ABI
at relaxation: 1.Zero to one.2, moderate arterial insufficiency: 0.7 to zero.Nine, claudication:
0.5 to zero.7, relaxation pain and ultimately tissue necrosis: <zero.Four (falsely improved
ABIs can be seen in diabetic sufferers or people with chronic renal disease due to giant
vascular calcification).
PVRs analyze the waveforms at sequential websites along patient's leg—triphasic or
biphasic waveforms, suggests greater perfusion than monophasic.
What is the half of-life of heparin? Intraoperative healing dosing? How is it reversed? -
ANSHalf-existence is 60 to ninety mins. Intraoperative dosing is 70 to a hundred units/kg
(activating clotting time of 250 to 350 seconds if measured). Protamine sulfate: 1 mg/a
hundred devices of heparin.
What are the 5-year patencies of not unusual and external iliac percutaneous transluminal
angioplasty (PTA) without stenting? - ANSCommon iliac: 70% to eighty%
External iliac: 50% to 60%
What are the traditional signs and symptoms/signs and symptoms of acute arterial
occlusion? In what order do they gift? - ANSThe "6 P's" include: Paresthesias, Pain, Pallor,
Poikilothermia, Pulselessness, Paralysis
, What percentage of emboli originate in the coronary heart? First and second maximum
commonplace reasons? - ANS80% of peripheral emboli are due to cardiac etiology
(First—atrial fibrillation, Second—acute MI)
At what anatomic sites do atherosclerotic lesions most generally occlude? -
ANSAtherosclerosis paperwork at branch points consisting of carotid bifurcation, bends, and
tethered segments together with superficial femoral artery as it passes through Hunter canal
Emboli lodge at arterial bifurcation—that is, femoral bifurcation, brachial bifurcation
How can a peripheral venous embolus reason occlusion in the peripheral arterial move? -
ANSA "paradoxical embolus" happens whilst a peripheral venous thromboembolus crosses
into the peripheral arterial circulation thru a patent foramen ovale inside the coronary heart.
What is the hazard of limb loss related to acute thromboembolic ailment? What is the related
mortality? - ANSRisk of limb loss: eight% to 22%
Thromboembolic perioperative mortality: 10% to 17%
Name some of the indications to perform for peripheral arterial occlusive disease: -
ANSTissue necrosis, rest pain, infection, debilitating claudication refractory to nonoperative
management (Pentoxifylline, Aspirin, Cessation of smoking, Exercise—PACE pneumonic)
NOTE—claudication isn't an illustration for surgical procedure; it's far quality handled with
supervised exercise training.
What is 5-12 months patency price of Fem-Pop vein grafts versus prosthetic grafts -
ANS5-yr patency of an above-the-knee vein graft is 75% (no distinction among in situ or
reverse); prosthetic is 40% to 50%.
Five-yr patency of a beneath-the-knee vein graft is sixty five%, prosthetic is 30%.
What do early (<30 day), intermediate, and late (>2 year) skip graft disasters usually
represent? - ANSEarly—Use of small, terrible-satisfactory vein; anastomosis to inadequate
outflow artery or technical errors (kink/twist of graft; incomplete lysis of valves) on the time of
surgical procedure Intermediate—Intimal hyperplasia at anastomotic web sites or valve web
sites within the graft Late—Progression of atherosclerotic ailment in the inflow or outflow
vessels
Name the four calf cubicles so as of compartment syndrome probability: - ANSAnterior,
lateral, deep posterior, superficial posterior compartment
What is the first sign of compartment syndrome? How long after revascularization is finest
risk? - ANSNumbness of exquisite toe webbing is an early signal of compartment syndrome
because of deep peroneal nerve compression (anterior). Greatest threat occurs four to 6
hours after revascularization in conjunction with release of intracellular
ions/proteins/enzymes from damaged sarcolemma.
What is the maximum common iatrogenic injury at some stage in anterior compartment
fasciotomy? - ANSInjury to the lateral peroneal nerve inside the superior factor of the
incision
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Tutor96. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82105 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now