USAHS NEUROSCIENCE EXAM 2 NEWEST 2024 WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS (DETAILED
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What is the order of layers that protect the brain? - ANSWER-S- skin
C- connective tissue
A- aponeurosa
L- loose connective tissue
P- pericranium
Which layer of the meninges is perforated to allow room for cranial nerves and
blood vessels? - ANSWER-Dura mater
Separations of the ________ membranes create sinuses that are important for
the venous drainage system. - ANSWER-Dura
The _____________ layer has trabeculae that suspend the brain. - ANSWER-
Arachnoid
True or false:
Arachnoid granulation serve as one way valves to the duralumin sinus. -
ANSWER-True
,True or false:
Dentate ligaments are pia mater. - ANSWER-True
What is significant about the epidural space? - ANSWER-It contains the middle
meningeal artery (a branch off of the external carotid)
What goes through foramen spinosum? - ANSWER-middle meningeal artery
An ___________ _____________ is typically the result of traumatic rupture of
the MMA due to temporal bone fracture. May initially be asymptomatic but
within hours have increased ICP, herniation, and death. - ANSWER-Epidural
hematoma
The ____________ space is between the dura and the arachnoid. Contains
bridging veins that cross at the subdural space and drain into the venous
sinuses. - ANSWER-Subdural
What is a subdural hematoma? - ANSWER-Rupture of the bridging veins which
are susceptible to shear forces. Two types: chronic (elderly) and acute
The _______________ space is between the arachnoid and pia mater. Contains
major arteries of the brain as well as CSF. - ANSWER-Subarachnoid
What is a subarachnoid hemorrhage? - ANSWER-Two types: traumatic and non
traumatic, bleeding into the CSF, presents as a severe HA
Common herniations? - ANSWER-Central, tonsillar, uncal transtenorial, *ONE
MORE CHECK fig. 5.8)
, The neural tube becomes the _____________. - ANSWER-Ventricles
The third ventricle is surrounded by the ____________. - ANSWER-
Diencephalon (thalamus)
What is the flow of CSF? - ANSWER-Lateral ventricles through the foramen of
Monroe to the 3rd ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct to the 4th ventricle
and out through the foramen of magendie
True or false:
The choroid plexus exists within each of the ventricles and is constantly
producing CSF, creating a small pressure gradient. - ANSWER-True (functions
are buoyancy, cushioning, cleaning, and ionic balance)
The choroid plexus is made of _____________ cells that produce CSF and assist
in circulating it by movement of their cilli. - ANSWER-Ependymal
_________ are large pockets in the subarachnoid space. - ANSWER-Cistern
What is the cistern that is located between the cerebellum and medulla? -
ANSWER-Cisterna magna (cerebellar medullary cistern); other cisterns are the
pontine and interpeduncular.
There is a large cistern found in the lumbar area of the spine; it is useful
because it provides a place to extract ________ through a lumbar puncture. -
ANSWER-CSF
Normal CSF pressures? - ANSWER-Adult: 80-180mm of h2o
Obese adult: 250mm h2o
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