Exam (elaborations)
Rigging 101 Final Exam
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Rigging 101 Final Exam
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Rigging 101 Final ExamUBS - ANSWER Ultimate Breaking Strength: The strength the material will break
without question
design factor - ANSWER determined by working load limit
Ultimate Load - ANSWER The weight that breaks the material. last load held before
breaking. Paired with Desrubine testing.
Ratio of the UBS - ANSWER % of UBS that can be used for design factor and what
the load is limited by.
Rule of thumb for ratio - ANSWER 5:1 or 1/5 of UBS
Pulling Something Sideways - ANSWER 5::1 is optimal
On a rake - ANSWER 6::1
Overhead - ANSWER 7::1 or 8::1 depending on situation
Over audience - ANSWER 10::1
Fun Facts! - ANSWER Construction uses 5::1, Permanent catwalks are 8::1, temp.
are 6::1.
Shackles - ANSWER destructively tested, certain number are tested and then the
rest are rated
proof load - ANSWER twice as much load as it should hold
Proof Testing - ANSWER Pull to 2x of what it is rated for and ensure that it is still
operational. To be sold.
Fleet Angle - ANSWER increase in Wear because of incorrect usage because of
friction. Ideally fleet angle is below 2 degrees
D to D - ANSWER diameter of rope to diameter of shiv/pulley/corner.Restricting this
reduces the amount of strain between the outside and the inside.
Rope Types - ANSWER based on tensile strength--most ropes list this
wire ropes - ANSWER yield is less forgiving
Natural Fiber Ropes - ANSWER Made of organic compounds, limited in length--
only as long as stem or leaf is able to be Susceptible to decay--need to be kept well
oiled, out of water and sunlightLifespan-1 Year, without use it can last longer
, Synthetic Fiber Ropes - ANSWER Can be as long as they need to beSofter with
many different uses Nylon are usually used more for these reasons because it
stretches.
Splices - ANSWER stronger but not reusable
Knots - ANSWER Reusable but not as strong-Knots always reduce the working
load--. add inefficiency to rope because it wraps around itself.
reef knots - ANSWER square knot (dangerous, often mistied as granny knot, 55%
inefficiency, for tieing rope back to itself
sheet bend - ANSWER ties two ropes together
clove hitch - ANSWER strangles. don't hang people. Ties over opject. Two loop
method can slide over objects.
half-hitch - ANSWER goes around rope itself, but same knot
bowline - ANSWER ties to anchor as lead. Termination knot.
cowboy bowline - ANSWER tail on the outside
bowline vs. cowboy - ANSWER One connects through loop. the other connecting
two ropes in a loop. Same structure and inefficiency.
Loop Terminations - ANSWER do not constrict/ shrink the rope
hitch terminations - ANSWER contract/seize
Tying 2 ropes together - ANSWER bend
Hemp Rigging System - ANSWER Hemp Rigging was created as a stop-gap
method to existing European Systems, like medieval cranes. Accidentally used,
existing and traditional systems were not cost-effective. Salitos seeked employment
after 1860's w/ invention of Steam Ship. Has no handrails because there was little
room and there was a lack of safety regulation for the workers. Uses
CLEAN,DRY,SAND.
Materials Needed for hemp - ANSWER Sand,Canvas Bags,Pulleys,Natural or
Synthetic Rope,About $1500-2000 Per Line Set
Downsides to Hemp - ANSWER Actual Weight w/ Lifting (before the counterweight
system)Required Skilled labor and brute forceMade out of erodible items,About 6
month lifespan,Ropes absorb moisture which takes on added weight. Rope shorter
when dry, longer when wet.Same with sandbags.Deaths more often due to needed
adjustments w/o handrails (falling 90')
Clew Plate - ANSWER Used for lift lines to be tied so the operating line can be
used individually.
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