Exam (elaborations)
Psych 230 - Exam
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Exam of 12 pages for the course Psych 230 - at Psych 230 - (Psych 230 - Exam)
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Psych 230 - ExamAs they age, people tend to __________________, explaining why development is
said to have continuities. - ANSWER remain the same
What changes during a rite of passage? - ANSWER a person's status
Some children seem to gain cognitive abilities, but lose self-esteem. This is
inconsistent with what approach to development? - ANSWER gain-stability-loss
model
When deciding on whether to follow the latest exercise recommendations, Margarite
focuses on what the best scientific research has to say about the topic of physical
activity. This indicates that Margarite believes in engaging in _____ practice. -
ANSWER evidence-based
Which is the best characterization of the scientific method? - ANSWER both a
method and an attitude
Naturalistic observation is an important method in developmental psychology
because it - ANSWER can tell us what people do in their everyday life
The correlational method answers what question? - ANSWER "Are two or more
variables related in some systematic way?"
What do we call a group of people born in a specified, limited span of years (e.g., the
1990s)? - ANSWER cohort
Among which groups does socioeconomic status influence development? -
ANSWER both lower- and higher-SES individuals.
Participants in a research project are falsely told that they caused harm to someone
else. In this case, a researcher is obligated to make sure that the participants are
told about the true nature of the study before they leave and must make sure that the
participants do not feel badly about their behavior. These two obligations are referred
to as - ANSWER debriefing and protection from harm.
Which name belongs on a list of the most influential systems theorists? - ANSWER
Bronfenbrenner.
Cognitive developmental theory is most associated with which psychologist? -
ANSWER Piaget
Freud believed behavior is most importantly influenced by: - ANSWER unconscious
motivation
Which is the best definition of "libido"? - ANSWER the psychic energy of the sex
instinct.
, The ego is most likely to ___________________ in an effort to control anxiety. -
ANSWER progress through different psychosexual stages.
Watson' theory suggests - ANSWER human development and functioning should be
based on observations of overt behavior rather than speculations
The Little Albert study was important because it demonstrated that - ANSWER fear
can be learned.
How did Bandura's "Bobo" doll study demonstrate "observational learning"? -
ANSWER It showed that children would model an adult they saw in a film.
Conservation, in Piaget's cognitive development theory, is the recognition that -
ANSWER certain properties of an object do not change, even when its appearance
is altered in a superficial way.
The larger cultural context in Bronfenbrenner's theory is called the - ANSWER
macrosystem
Regardless of where they live or what language is spoken around them, all babies
begin to babble around the same age. Of what is this a good example? - ANSWER
species heredity.
All people share about _____ out of 1,000 DNA bases, according to data from the
Human Genome Project. - ANSWER 999
Fraternal twin siblings share - ANSWER 50% of genes
The effect of aging on RNA in identical twins in a study by Fraga and colleagues
(2005) found that genetic expression - ANSWER was nearly identical in very young
twins but differed in older twins.
When a dominant gene and a recessive gene are paired, the characteristic
associated with the dominant gene will be - ANSWER expressed
The fact that type AB blood appears to be the result of a compromise between genes
for type A and type B blood provides a good example of - ANSWER codominance
Sickle-cell disease is thought to have arisen from a mutation of a gene the provided
protection from - ANSWER malaria
The rationale of adoption studies is the belief that - ANSWER if adopted children are
like their adoptive parents on a given characteristic, then the
expression of that characteristic is likely to be influenced by genetic factors.
Research by Plomin and colleagues indicated that the highest heritability correlation
concerning the emotion of anger was found between - ANSWER identical twins
raised together
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