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Chem&219 Unit 4 Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update $13.49   Add to cart

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Chem&219 Unit 4 Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update

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  • CHEM 219
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  • CHEM 219

What are the four halogen elements?  F, Cl, Br, I organohalide compounds  Organic molecules containing halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I) Examples of how organohalide compounds are used by humans  - have been found in marine life (algae, mollusks, sponges, etc.), bc they metabolize the hi...

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  • October 4, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • CHEM 219
  • CHEM 219
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Chem&219 Unit 4 Questions and Correct
Answers | Latest Update
What are the four halogen elements?


 F, Cl, Br, I




organohalide compounds


 Organic molecules containing halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I)




Examples of how organohalide compounds are used by humans


 - have been found in marine life (algae, mollusks, sponges, etc.), bc they

metabolize the high concentrations of inorganic chlorides and bromides

that are found in the seas.

- Industrially, organohalides find uses as solvents, insecticides, herbicides, cleaning fluids, fire

retardants, and refrigerants, among others.


- In medicinal use, many organohalides are used as inhaled anesthetics and disinfectants.


- The compound known as Teflon is a polymer that finds many uses as a lubricant and in non-

stick applications such as cookware. Teflon is a polymer containing carbon-fluorine bonds

instead of carbon-hydrogen bonds, as are seen in a typical organic molecule.




What is the primary reason halogen-containing compounds are important in organic

chemistry?



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 Their reactivity




They can be used as starting materials in the synthesis of larger and more complex organic

molecules because of the variety of reactions that can occur in an organohalide molecule.




What are two of the most important reaction types typical of organohalides?


 Substitution reaction (nucleophilic substitution reaction)




Elimination reaction




Substitution reaction


 Replacing the halogen atom in a molecu le with another atom or functional

group




Elimination reaction


 A reaction that removes the halogen and hydrogen atoms from the

original substrate molecule creating an unsaturated compound.




Alkyl halides




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 Aliphatic hydrocarbons (alkenes, alkanes , alkynes) that possess one or

more halogen atom substituents.




Since halogen atoms have the same bonding pattern as hydrogen atoms (forming one single

covalent bond), they often take the place of hydrogen atoms in organic molecules.




Aryl halides


 Aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene rings) with one or more halogen atoms

attached to the ring (a compound in which a halogen is bound to the

carbon of a benzene ring)




Vinyl halides


 Halogen is bound to a carbon of a double bond.




Aromatic hydrocarbons


 Benzene rings




Aliphatic hydrocarbons


 alkanes, alkenes, alkynes




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