WGU - Intro to IT D322 Prep Exam
Questions Solved Correctly.
Specifically, IT functions cover five different domains: - Answer communication
data collection and management
information security management
consumer relationship management
process improvement
IT governance is - Answer the system of processes that ensures the effective and efficient use of IT to
enable an organization to achieve its business goals and to add value to key stakeholders in an
organization.
Network administrators - Answer set up, maintain, and monitor the hardware and software that
support the networking components of the computer systems.
Systems administrators - Answer set up, maintain, and monitor devices that support business
operations. These devices include anything from projectors and smartboards in a training room to the
devices in the server room.
Web administrators - Answer control the outward-facing content on an organization's website and
intranets and ensure that the sites function and integrate with back-end systems, such as supporting
databases.
Database administrators - Answer configure and troubleshoot an organization's data repositories.
Cybersecurity analysts - Answer monitor the behaviors of the system components for anomalies and
malicious attacks. They also put measures in place to deter, detect, and mitigate internal and external
threats.
Technical support specialists - Answer provide end-user training and help users resolve issues accessing
resources and systems.
,Outsourcing - Answer uses the resources and skills of a developed workforce from an external
organization.
Insourcing - Answer assigns a project to employees within the organization. Insourcing generally
requires the development of new operations and processes, making it an expensive option.
The project management life cycle is represented differently in various models, but projects generally
include four phases: - Answer initiation, planning, execution, and closure.
Project initiation - Answer broadly defines the project. It usually begins with a business case, followed
by a feasibility study. During the feasibility study, research assesses whether the business case will lead
to a reasonable, feasible solution. Project stakeholders provide input in the analysis of the business case,
resulting in a project charter, or project initiation document, that outlines the business needs, the
stakeholders, and the business case.
Project planning (1 of 2) - Answer includes developing a road map that everyone follows. This phase
starts with setting the project goals, commonly using the SMART or CLEAR frameworks, both of which
are described below.
Specific: Set a specific goal that answers the questions who, what, where, when, which, and why.
Measurable: Create criteria that can be used to measure the success of the goal.
Attainable: Ensure the goal is attainable given the resources.
Realistic: Assess the willingness to work toward the goal.
Timely: The goal should be achievable within the available timeframe.
Collaborative: The goal should encourage employees to work together.
Limited: The goal should be limited in scope and time to keep it manageable.
Emotional: The goal should tap into the passion of employees and be something they can form an
emotional connection to. This can optimize the quality of work.
Appreciable: Break larger goals into smaller tasks that can be quickly achieved.
Refinable: As new situations arise, be flexible and refine the goal as needed.
,Project planning (2 of 2) - Answer defines the project scope and drafts a project management plan. The
project management plan identifies project resources, including cost and time estimations. A project
generally has each of the following documents by the end of the planning phase:
scope statement outlining the objectives, deliverables, and milestones
work breakdown structure (WBS) breaking the project into manageable segments for the team
milestones defining high-level goals to meet throughout the project's duration
communication plan outlining the frequency and methods of communicating with stakeholders
risk management plan identifying foreseeable risks, including cost overruns and delays
Project Execution - Answer During project execution, project deliverables are developed and
completed. A kickoff meeting usually marks the start of this phase. Tasks typically include developing the
project team, assigning resources, setting up tracking systems, conducting status meetings, and
monitoring the project timetable.
Project performance is constantly observed during the execution phase. Key performance indicators, or
metrics, are used to monitor the progress of the project, determining whether the project is on track to
meet the defined milestones.
Project Closure - Answer At the project closure phase, the project is declared complete and the project
team is dissolved. Project managers complete the final project documentation, including financial
reports. Generally, meetings are also a part of this phase, allowing members of the project team to
reflect on strengths and opportunities for improvement.
Risks in execution - Answer typically revolve around budget, people, technology, equipment, and
stakeholder support. Issues that can deem a project unsuccessful include cost overrun, insufficient staff,
inadequate tools to support the project, and lack of support from project stakeholders. Planning in
advance is one of the best ways to mitigate risks of execution.
, Risks of integration - Answer The outcome of a project will likely affect other systems and processes in
an organization. Risks of integration can be mitigated by assessing potential disruptions, ensuring
adequate support from stakeholders, and having a shared understanding of the project's complexity.
Two key strategies to successfully identify risks are frequent monitoring of project parameters and
milestones and sound communication between project participants.
Scope creep - Answer uncontrolled change of a project's scope, typically adding tasks and increased,
unplanned costs to the project
Budget risk - Answer budget control issues, such as underestimated or improper allocation of cost
Resistance to change - Answer departments and individuals resist organizational changes resulting
from the project
Resource risk - Answer inability to secure sufficient resources for the project
ex.
Mei is concerned that some team members may become unavailable during the project.
Contract risk - Answer a vendor fails to deliver on contractual obligations
Disputes risk - Answer Disputes or disagreements between project participants
Project dependencies - Answer especially when completion of some tasks is dependent on the
completion of other tasks
Project assumptions risk - Answer when assumptions about the project are invalidated during project
development
Benefit shortfall - Answer the project meets the requirements but delivers fewer benefits than outlined
in the business case
