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Pediatrics Final Exam NCLEX Questions (Renal/Neuro/GI/Heme/Onc) Latest Updates 2024/2025
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Pediatrics Final Exam NCLEX Questions (Renal/Neuro/GI/Heme/Onc) Latest Updates 2024/2025
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Pediatrics Final Exam NCLEX Questions(Renal/Neuro/GI/Heme/Onc) Latest
Updates 2024/2025
When performing a procedure related to a genitourinary (GU) problem, the
nurse would anticipate that which of the following age groups would find it
especially stressful?
1. Infants
2. Toddlers
3. Preschoolers
4. School-age children ANS✔✔ 3. Preschoolers
In general, preschoolers have more fears because of their fantasies,
contributing to fears of the simplest procedures. Castration fears also are
prominent at this age and may be heightened by procedures related to GU
problems. Typically, GU procedures do not create greater stress in infants,
toddlers, and school-age children.
When developing a teaching plan to prevent urinary tract infection, which of
the following should be included? (Select all that apply.)
1. Wearing underwear made of synthetic material such as nylon
2. Maintaining adequate fluid intake
3. Keeping urine alkaline by avoiding acidic beverages
4. Avoiding urination before and after intercourse
,5. Avoiding bubble baths and tight clothing
6. Emptying bladder with each urination ANS✔✔ 2. Maintaining adequate
fluid intake
5. Avoiding bubble baths and tight clothing
6. Emptying bladder with each urination
Fluid intake helps dilute urine and minimize infection potential, bubble baths
and tight clothing may act as irritants, and emptying the bladder fully with
each urination prevents stasis. Children and teens should wear cotton
underwear, keep their urine acidic, and void before and after intercourse (if
sexually active).
Which of the following organisms is the most common cause of urinary tract
infection (UTI) in children?
1. Staphylococcus
2. Klebsiella
3. Pseudomonas
4. Escherichia coli ANS✔✔ 4. Escherichia coli
E. coli is the most common organism associated with the development of
UTI. Although Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas species may
cause UTIs, the incidence of UTIs related to each is less than that for E. coli.
Which of the following would the nurse expect when assessing a child with
cystitis?
1. High fever
,2. Flank pain
3. Costovertebral tenderness
4. Dysuria ANS✔✔ 4. Dysuria
Dysuria is a symptom of a lower urinary tract infection (UTI) such as cystitis.
High fever, flank pain, and costovertebral tenderness are signs and
symptoms of pyelonephritis, an upper UTI.
Which of the following instructions would be included in a sexually active
adolescent's preventive teaching plan about urinary tract infections?
1. Wiping back to front
2. Wearing nylon underwear
3. Avoiding urinating before intercourse
4. Drinking acidic juices ANS✔✔ 4. Drinking acidic juices
Drinking acidic juices, such as cranberry juice, helps keep the urine at its
desired acid pH and reduces the chance of infection. The client should wipe
from front to back, wear cotton underwear, and void before and after
intercourse.
What is the most likely underlying pathophysiology of primary enuresis?
1. Urinary tract infection
2. Psychogenic stress
3. Vesicoureteral reflux
4. Delayed bladder maturation ANS✔✔ 4. Delayed bladder maturation
, The most likely cause of PE is delayed or incomplete maturation of the
bladder. UTIs may cause either primary or secondary enuresis, but they are
not the leading cause of PE. Psychogenic stress may cause either primary or
secondary enuresis, but it is not the leading cause of PE. Vesicoureteral
reflux may cause either primary or secondary enuresis, but it is not the
leading cause of PE.
Secondary vesicoureteral reflux usually results from which of the following?
1. Congenital defects
2. Infection
3. Acidic urine
4. Hydronephrosis ANS✔✔ 2. Infection
Infection is the most common cause of secondary vesicoureteral reflux.
Congenital defects cause primary vesicoureteral reflux. Acidic urine is normal
and helps to prevent infection. Hydronephrosis may result from
vesicoureteral reflux.
Which of the following signs and symptoms are characteristic of minimal-
change nephrotic syndrome?
1. Gross hematuria, proteinuria, fever
2. Hypertension, edema, hematuria
3. Poor appetite, proteinuria, edema
4. Hypertension, edema, proteinuria ANS✔✔ 3. Poor appetite, proteinuria,
edema
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