Exam (elaborations)
PN 131 NCLEX QUIZ 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PN 131 NCLEX QUIZ 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS...
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A nurse is teaching a parent how to administer antibiotics at home to atoddler with acute otitis media. Which statement by the parent indicates
that teaching has been successful?
1. "I'll give the antibiotics for the full 10-day course of treatment."
2. "I'll give the antibiotics until my child's ear pain is gone."
3. "Whenever my child is cranky or pulls on an ear, I'll give a dose of
antibiotics."
4. "If the ear pain is gone, there's no need to see the physician for
another examination of the ears." - ANSWER 1. "I'll give the antibiotics
for the full 10-day course of treatment."
RATIONALE: The mother demonstrates an understanding of antibiotic
therapy by stating she'll give the full 10-day course of treatment.
Antibiotics must be given for the full course of therapy, even if the child
feels well. Otherwise, the infection won't be eradicated. Antibiotics
should be taken at ordered intervals to maintain blood levels and not as
needed for pain. A reexamination at the end of the course of antibiotics
is necessary to confirm that the infection is resolved.
A toddler develops acute otitis media and is ordered cefpodoxime
proxetil (Vantin) 5 mg/kg P.O. every 12 hours. If the child weighs 22 lb
(10 kg), how many milligrams will the nurse administer with each dose?
1. 50 mg
2. 100 mg
3. 110 mg
4. 220 mg - ANSWER 1. 50 mg
RATIONALE: The dose is 5 mg/kg and the child weighs 10 kg. To
determine the dose, the nurse would calculate: 5 mg/1 kg × 10 kg = 50
mg per dose.
,A nurse is teaching parents about accident prevention for a toddler.
Which guidelines is most appropriate? Select all that apply
1. Always make the toddler wear a seat belt when riding in a car.
2. Make sure all medications are kept in containers with childproof safety
caps.
3. Never leave a toddler unattended on a bed.
4. Teach rules of the road for bicycle safety. - ANSWER 1, 2
RATIONALE: Making sure all medications are kept in containers with
childproof safety caps is the most appropriate guideline because
poisoning accidents are common in toddlers owing to the toddler's
curiosity and his increasing mobility and ability to climb. When riding in a
car, a toddler should be strapped into a car seat, not a seat belt. A seat
belt is an appropriate guideline for a school-age child. Never leaving a
child alone on a bed is an appropriate guideline for parents of infants.
Toddlers already have the ability to climb on and off of beds and other
furniture by themselves. Note, however, that toddlers should never be
left unattended on high surfaces, such as an examining table in a
physician's office. Teaching the rules of the road for bicycle safety is an
appropriate safety measure for a school-age child. Toddlers shouldn't be
allowed in the road unsupervised.
Before performing an otoscopic examination on a child, where should
the nurse palpate for tenderness?
1. Tragus, mastoid process, and helix
2. Helix, umbo, and tragus
3. Tragus, cochlea, and lobule
4. Mastoid process, incus, and malleus - ANSWER 1. Tragus, mastoid
process, and helix
RATIONALE: Before inserting the otoscope, the nurse should palpate
the child's external ear, especially the tragus and mastoid process, and
should pull the helix backward to determine the presence of pain or
tenderness. The umbo, incus, and malleus (parts of the middle ear) and
the cochlea (part of the inner ear) aren't palpable.
, An adolescent is diagnosed with lead poisoning. After emphasizing the
importance of consuming dietary iron, the nurse asks him to select iron-
rich breakfast items from a sample menu. Which selection demonstrates
knowledge of dietary iron sources?
1. Grapefruit and white toast
2. Pancakes and a banana
3. Ham and eggs
4. Bagel and cream cheese - ANSWER 3. Ham and eggs
RATIONALE: Good sources of dietary iron include red meat, egg yolks,
whole wheat breads, seafood, nuts, legumes, iron-fortified cereals, and
green, leafy vegetables. Fresh fruits and milk products contain only
small amounts of iron. White bread isn't a good iron source.
A nurse is developing a plan to teach a mother how to reduce her
infant's risk of developing otitis media. Which direction should the nurse
include in the teaching plan?
1. Administer antibiotics whenever the infant has a cold.
2. Place the infant in an upright position when giving a bottle.
3. Avoid getting the infant's ears wet while bathing or swimming.
4. Clean the infant's external ear canal daily. - ANSWER 2. Place the
infant in an upright position when giving a bottle.
RATIONALE: Feeding an infant a bottle in an upright position reduces
the pooling of formula or breast milk in the nasopharynx. Formula, in
particular, provides a good medium for the growth of bacteria, which can
travel easily through the short, horizontal eustachian tubes.
Administering antibiotics whenever the infant has a cold, avoiding getting
the ears wet, and cleaning the external ear canal daily don't reduce the
risk of an infant developing otitis media.
A nurse is assessing a severely depressed adolescent. Which finding
indicates a risk of suicide?
1. Excessive talking
2. Excessive sleepiness
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