CMB1004 Excitable Cells Exam Questions and Answers
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Course
2024/2025
Institution
2024/2025
CMB1004 Excitable Cells Exam
Questions and Answers
What are the four regions of a neurone? - Answer-Dendrites
Cell Body
Axon
Axon Terminal
Define an excitable cell - Answer-Any cell capable of generating an action potential
Describe how the resting potential is maintained - Answer-Cell conta...
Describe the activity of voltage gated ion channels during action potential generation - Answer✔✔-1)
Resting state, no gates open
2) Slow rising phase, some Na+ gates open, small amounts of Na+ enters cell
3) Rapid rising phase, all Na+ gates open, some K+ gates open
4) Early repolarisation, all K+ channels open, some Na+ closed
5) Hyperpolarisation, all Na+ closed, some K+ open
Define absolute refractory period - Answer✔✔-The period immediately following an action potential
generation during which no action potential can be generated regardless of stimulus size
Define relative refractory period - Answer✔✔-The period during hyperpolarisation where an abnormally
large stimulus can generate an action potential
How is the velocity of an action potential increased - Answer✔✔-Increase the diameter of the axon
Increase the membrane resistance by insulating with myelin sheath
Define myelination - Answer✔✔-The process by which axons are insulated with schwann cell
membranes to prevent loss of charge down the axon body
What is saltatory conduction? - Answer✔✔-Action potentials "jump" between areas of unmyelinated
axons called nodes of Ranvier, increasing transmission of the action potential
What is an endplate potential? - Answer✔✔-Depolarisation of the postsynaptic cell to a level halfway
between the equilibrium potential of the two ions (Na+ and K+ typically) involved
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