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DistanceLearningCentre.comLEARNING MATERIALS
Subject: Physics
Unit: Principles of Physics
Topic 1: Principles of Physics
Level: 3
Essential reading
Any A-Level physics Text Book
Essential Maths Skills for AS/A Level Physics Paperback – 27 May
2016 by Ian Lovat (Author)
Recommended reading:
Recommended reading for this topic is listed in the back pages of
these learning materials.
Further resources:
Further resources to deepen your learning on specific aspects of this
topic are listed throughout these learning materials.
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© DistanceLearningCentre.com, 2022
, Subject: Physics
Unit: Principles of Physics
Topic 1: Principles of Physics
Level: 3
LEARNING MATERIALS
Contents
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Introduction .................................................................................................... 1
1. Work, energy and power ....................................................................... 2
1.1 Work ........................................................................................................ 2
1.2 Energy ..................................................................................................... 6
1.2.1 Potential Energy ......................................................................... 6
1.2.2 Kinetic Energy ............................................................................ 7
1.3 Power ...................................................................................................... 8
1.3.1 Power in practice........................................................................ 8
1.4 Conservation of energy ............................................................................ 9
2. Application of mechanics ................................................................... 13
2.1 Forces ................................................................................................... 13
2.2 Mass ...................................................................................................... 14
2.3 Velocity .................................................................................................. 16
2.4 Acceleration ........................................................................................... 16
2.5 Momentum............................................................................................. 17
2.6 Impulse .................................................................................................. 18
2.7 Newton’s Laws ...................................................................................... 18
2.7.1 Newton’s First Law ................................................................... 19
2.7.2 Newton’s Second Law .............................................................. 19
2.7.3 Newton’s Third Law.................................................................. 20
2.7.4 Newton’s laws in 2D ................................................................. 21
2.7.5 Choosing a sensible axis for resolving ..................................... 23
2.7.6 SUVAT Equations .................................................................... 26
2.8 Levers.................................................................................................... 30
2.9 Centre of Mass ...................................................................................... 32
2.10 Moments ................................................................................................ 32
2.10.1 Net Moments............................................................................ 35
3. Properties of Materials ........................................................................ 36
3.1.1 Properties ................................................................................ 36
3.2 Structures .............................................................................................. 37
3.2.1 Crystalline Structures ............................................................... 37
3.2.2 Metal ........................................................................................ 37
3.2.3 Ceramics .................................................................................. 38
3.2.4 Glass........................................................................................ 38
© DistanceLearningCentre.com, 2022
, Subject: Physics
Unit: Principles of Physics
Topic 1: Principles of Physics
Level: 3
LEARNING MATERIALS
3.2.5 Polymers/ Plastics .................................................................... 39
3.2.6 Bone ........................................................................................ 39
3.3 How do materials behave ...................................................................... 40
3.3.1 Dislocations.............................................................................. 40
3.3.2 Crystal Lattice with dislocation ................................................. 41
3.3.3 Changing the ductility of metals- Stopping dislocations ............ 41
3.3.4 Amorphous and crystalline materials ceramics ......................... 42
3.3.5 Stress propagation and cracks ................................................. 42
3.4 Density .................................................................................................. 44
3.5 Plastic and elastic materials ................................................................... 45
3.6 Hooke’s law ........................................................................................... 45
3.7 Tensile stress and strain ........................................................................ 47
3.7.1 Stress vs Strain Graphs ........................................................... 51
References ................................................................................................... 53
Recommended reading ............................................................................... 53
Resources .................................................................................................... 53
Books, journals and CDs ................................................................................ 54
Websites ......................................................................................................... 54
Image credits .................................................................................................. 55
© DistanceLearningCentre.com, 2022
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