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NUR 325 Final Exam (A Grade) Questions & Answers 100% Verified Correct| Latest Update
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NUR 325 Final Exam (A Grade) Questions & Answers 100% Verified Correct| Latest Update
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NUR 325 Final Exam (A Grade) Questions &Answers 100% Verified Correct| Latest Update
What happens during Atrial Fibrillation? - ✔✔SA node isn't firing right so we lose active
diastole so there isn't as much filling of the ventricles as normal
Issues with Atrial Fibrillation - ✔✔Could form a clot in the right atrium because of the static
blood
Decrease in cardiac output leading to a decrease in blood pressure
Symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation - ✔✔irregular heart beat, fatigue, increase in clot formation
due to pooling of the blood in the atria
Atrial Fibrillation Treatment - ✔✔Heparin (Prevents clots, Monitor pTT levels, Reversal is
Protamine Sulfate)
Amiodarone (Used to switch back to a normal rhythm, Bradycardia and hypotension can
happen)
Beta Blockers (Lowers heart rate)
Calcium Channel Blockers (Lowers heart rate, Diltiazem)
Cardioversion
Atrial Flutter - ✔✔No true P waves
No PR interval
QRS interval is less than 0.11
No ST elevation
*Rhythm has "sawtooth" not true P-wave*
Symptoms of Atrial Flutter - ✔✔Similar to A-fib
,Treatment of Atrial Flutter - ✔✔Similar to A-fib
Ventricular Tachycardia - ✔✔No P-wave
No PR interval
QRS interval is 1
Symptoms of V Tach - ✔✔Palpitations, dyspnea, lightheadedness, angina, syncope (think
heart is pumping so fast it can't get O2 where needed)
Usually is pulseless
Treatment of V tach - ✔✔Defibrillation (if there is a pulse, cardiovert; if there is no pulse,
defibrillation), amiodarone, epinephrine, lidocaine
Ventricular Fibrillation - ✔✔No clear anything
Symptoms of V Fib - ✔✔Pulseless, unconscious
Treatment of V Fib - ✔✔Defibrillation, epinephrine, CPR
Pulseless Electrical Activity - ✔✔No pulse but there is a rhythm, usually a slow rhythm
Treatment of PEA - ✔✔CPR followed by intubation and IV epinephrine
Asystole - ✔✔absence of contractions of the heart
,Asystole Treatment - ✔✔cpr should be started at once followed by epinephrine and
atropine, defibrillation when there is a shockable rhythm
Atherosclerosis - ✔✔condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on the inner
walls of the arteries
CAD risk factors: Modifiable - ✔✔o Smoking
o Diet
o Obesity
o Physical Activity
o Diabetes
o Hypertension
o Elevated lipids
CAD risk factors: Nonmodifiable - ✔✔o Hereditary
o Age (Males <40, females post-menopausal)
o Ethnicity (African Americans at an increased risk)
Diagnostics for CAD - ✔✔EKG, Labs (troponin, Myoglobin, CK, potassium, magnesium), Chest
X-ray and stress test
Normal Troponin Level - ✔✔less than 0.04 ng/mL
Normal Myoglobin Level - ✔✔less than 90 mcg/L
Normal CK levels - ✔✔30-170
, Normal Potassium Level - ✔✔3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Normal Magnesium Level - ✔✔1.3-2.1 mEq/L
Pharmacological Interventions for CAD - ✔✔MONA
Morphine -- pain
Oxygen - helps give oxygen
Nitrogen - vasodilate vessels
Aspirin - blood thinner
Cardiac Catheterization - ✔✔Catheter is put into coronary arteries where they inject die
which shows where the blockage is. If there is a blockage, they can balloon (angioplasty) to
push it away or they can put a stent in
Heart Failure - ✔✔Heart is unable to meet the oxygen demands of the tissues
Classifications of Heart Failure - ✔✔Right vs. Left; Systolic vs. Diastolic
Right Sided Heart Failure - ✔✔Systemic symptoms such as pitting edema, GI symptoms, JVD
Left Sided Heart Failure - ✔✔Pulmonary Symptoms such as pulmonary edema, dyspnea,
Systolic Heart Failure - ✔✔Issues with the heart contracting
Diastolic Heart Failure - ✔✔Issues with heart filling
Causes of Heart Failure - ✔✔Hypertension, MI, any sort of damage to the heart
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