,Explain how inhaled allergens lead to an immune response?
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Inhaled, APC capture and present to Th2, get IgE response
What do macrophages form as a defense? What does this benefit
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granuloma
protect both host and Mtb; host- control, Mtb: IS weak in the granuloma
What are adjuvants? Examples
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Enhance immune resp to the vaccine bcs vaccines trigger a weaker
response than infection
aluminum, oil in water, TLR agonist
Macrophage/monocyte markers
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, CD14
Parasitic and allergen receptors on Mast and B cells
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B cells make IgE specific for allergen or parasite
- mast cell passively acquire IgE with different specificity that bind to
FcERi- cross link = degranualte
Why is Mtb good at evading the host IS? How does it do that?
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Mtb suppresses immune activation
- long TNF response, long time for DC to go to the site of infection
- inhibit IL-12 resulting in slow T cell priming and T cell recruitment
How are there still low levels of pathogen specific antibodies after the primary
infection?
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Maintained via long lived plasma cells
- survival via interaction with IL-6 and BM stromal cells
- or die if interact with FCRs --> apoptosis
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