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Sara Michelle's Crash Course
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Sara Michelle's Crash Course
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nSARA MICHELLE'S CRASH COURSE
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION
Aphthous Stomatitis - inside of the mouth
red base with white ulcer
topical relief
Herpes - outside of the mouth
painful clustered vesicles on an erythema base
antiviral- valtrex/acylovir within in 48 to 72 hours
Keratosis Pilaris - Chicken bumps
seen in children
most of the time will outgrow
rough patches small acne- like bumps from too much keratin blocking hair follicles
TXT: emollients & moisturizers
Impetigo - Honey crusted lesions
Strep Anginosus & Staph Aureus
Bolus= oral antibiotics
NonBolus= mupirocin/Bactroban ointment
Pityriasis Rosea - Distributed in Christmas tree pattern
starts with a herald patch
self-limiting
Brown recluse spider bite - bite becomes under and turns deep purple in color with a white halo around
it
may have systemic symptoms
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - Tic Bite
TXT: Doxycycline- even if pregnant
,rash 3-5 days after symptoms on palms of hands and soles of feet
North Carolina
Lyme Disease - Bulls-eye lesion (Erythema Migraines)
TXT: Doxycline
Amoxicillin if allergic
Sialolithiasis - mass under the chin while eating
salivary gland stone
Actinic keratosis - dry pink lesions on sun exposed areas
if left untreated may lead to CANCER- squamous cell carcinoma
TXT: 5-FU or cryotherapy
Squamous Cell Carcinoma - Slow-growing, scale, ulcerated & bleeds easily
DX: BIOPSY
REFER to dermatology
Cafe au Lait Spotsq - Benign & do not require interventions unless you have more that 8=
neurofibromatosis
Malignant Melanoma - Asymmetry
Border irregularity
Color
Diameter > 6mm
Evolving or Elevated above the skin
could also present as a dark spot under the nail that is not related to trauma
Splinter hemorrhage - black lines under the nail not related to melanoma but caused by endocarditis
Seborrheic Keratosis - Pasted on skin lesions
BENIGN- does not need to be removed
Basal Cell Carcinoma - Most comnmon skin cancer
Telangiectasias= visible blood vessels across the lesion
Shiny, waxy, or pearly in nature
BIOPSY & REFER to DERM
Eczema - Extremely PRURITIC
,commonly found on flexor surfaces
TXT: emollients & Topical steroids
Atopic dermatitis, Asthma & Allergies
Plaque Psoriasis - Thick Silvery Scales
Auspitz Sign- when the plaques are scratched pinpoint bleeding occurs
Koebner's phenomenon- Trauma to skin leads to plaque forming
TXT: topical steroids & Cole Tar & Refer to Dermatology
Contact Dermatitis - Linear distribution
TXT: topical steroids & avoid irritant
Shingles - Across the dermatome
Vascular & burning & tingling at the site prior to rash
TXT: Acyclovir (CHEAPER)/Valcyclovir
Anywhere close to the eyes- refer to ophthalmology b/c risk for permanent corneal scaring & blindness
Shingrex- can be given no matter when the last outbreak was b/c inactivated also give at 50 years old
Zosyvax- old vaccine & off the market
Stage 1 pressure injury - red does not blanch
no breaks in the skin
TXT: foam dressings
Unstageable pressure injury - can not see the depth of the wound bed because of the presents of a sloth
Eschar on the heel - typically seen with diabetics
if it is stable with no signs of infections it should not be removed or soaked by the patient
Scabies - between fingers & ties intently pruritic & everyone in the house has same symptoms
TXT: permethrin cream & wash everything in hot water usually have to treat twice to get rid of it
effectively
Chicken Pox - Lesions in various stages of healing
Varicella Vaccine- LIVE must be 12 months of age
Can return to school when all of the lesions are crusted over
Head Lice - Pruitis all throughout the day and night
, TXT: permethrin- only kills live lice therefore the nits (eggs) must be combed out. may need 2
treatments. wash bedding & other items in hot water
Molluscum Contagiosum - If located in the groin area- possible sexual abuse
Impregnated or dimple lesion
highly contagious
TXT: self-limiting takes a few months
Anthrax - Cattle Farmer
ulcerated & black lesion that is painless
TXT: CIPRO for at least 2 months. also treated with tetracycline- doxycycline
Hidradenitis Suppurativia - Recurrent issue- not due to hygiene more linked to genetics
risk factors- smoking & obesity
abscess in the axilla
TXT: I&D & wound culture
Mild= warm compresses and ABX- long term
Folliculitis - infection of the hair follicles
TXT: topical mupirocin
Severe- oral ABX penicillin or Keflex
Rosacea - Erythematous facial rash that does NOT spare the nose
TXT: topical flatly gel
Lupus - Erythematous facial rash that DOES spare the nasolabial folds (MALOR RASH)
Sjogren's Syndrome - Very dry eyes & mouth
commonly seen in Lupus
Erysipelas - Sharply defined with well-defined borders
superficial cellulitis
TXT: Keflex or Penicillin
Purulent Cellulitis - Possible MRSA
Bactrim
Clindamyacin
Doxycline
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