What confirms the screening test for HIV - answer✔Western blot
How does HIV attack the body? - answer✔It attacks the immune system by destroying T-
lymphocytes. The virus also rapidly self-replicates.
What is so important about T-lymphocytes? - answer✔T cells help immune system recognize
and fight pathogens.
another name for T-lymphocytes - answer✔T cells *(CD4 cells)*
Why is the CD4 count important? - answer✔The lower the CD4 count the more damage the
virus has done to the body.
Normal CD4 count - answer✔500-1500 cells/mm3 or *700-1000*
what is the normal CD4 count in a client with HIV - answer✔Anything at or above 500. Client is
considered in good health. If below 500 HIV has progressed to AIDS.
If a client CD4 count is below 200, client is at risk for - answer✔opportunistic infections
goal of HIV meds - answer✔to interfere with the virus replicating
most important med to know for HIV is - answer✔zidovuden (AZT, Retrovir)
Which isolation precautions are used with HIV? - answer✔Universal precautions, patients do not
have to tell you they have HIV, treat everyone as if they are INFECTED!
how do the precautions change with AIDS - answer✔If the client has a low CD4 count and is at
risk for opportunistic infection implement private room, reverse isolation, RN wears gown,
goggles, and mask when in direct contact with blood or body fluids.
What are teaching points for parents who have a child with HIV - answer✔clean blood/body
fluid with 10:1 water/bleach ratio
.get all immunizations *EXCEPT (MMR, varicella oral poliovirus,)* these are live
immunizations. Gloves when changing diaper.
diet for child with HIV - answer✔-HIGH calorie
-HIGH Protein diet
definition of acute renal failure - answer✔sudden loss of kidney function to excrete toxins and
regulate fluids/ electrolytes
some possible causes of ARF - answer✔-Infection
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