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NU 503- Circulation-Exam-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified/ Latest 2024/2025
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NU 503- Circulation-Exam-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified/ Latest 2024/2025
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NU 503- Circulation-Exam-Questions with Correct Answers/Verified/ Latest 2024/2025
Pulmonary Circulation - ✔✔oxygenated blood to left atrium via pulmonary veins
oxygenate blood and remove carbon dioxide
pulmonary circulation origination - ✔✔right ventricle via pulmonary artery
Systemic Circulation - ✔✔starts with aorta receiving output from LV
Systemic circulation output with exercise - ✔✔varies greatly to skin and skeletal muscles
Systemic vs pulmonary pressure - ✔✔systemic 5-10x higher than pulmonary
Blood flow with heavy exercise - ✔✔Significantly increase blood flow from 5 L/min to
25L/min
Decreases blood flow to all other organs but the heart (heart blood flow increases with
exercise)
Blood vessel structure layers - ✔✔1. tunica intima
2. tunica media
3. tunica externa
Tunica intima - ✔✔vital to vascular health, single innermost layer of vessel and creates
vessel lining, basement membrane, and elastic fibers
Tunica media - ✔✔middle vessel layer, concentric layers of vascular smooth muscle cells.
Surrounding smooth muscle is another layer of elastic fibers
Tunica externa - ✔✔outermost layer: strong connective tissue that keeps vessels intact
, Artery walls - ✔✔much thicker for higher pressures, highest in aorta
Artery branching - ✔✔Branch into smaller vessels (arterioles 80% SVR) extending from heart
Decrease in lumen diameter
Decrease in elastic fibers
Increase in relative amount of smooth muscle
Capillaries function - ✔✔Exchange between blood and tissues
capillaries vasculature - ✔✔thin walls of endothelial cells and basement membrane
capillary blood flow - ✔✔collected into venules and larger veins
Law of LaPlace - ✔✔biophysics of vascular wall tension
hydrostatic pressure: aorta - ✔✔created by blood pumped into aorta
wall tension created by - ✔✔hydrostatic pressure- push on vessel wall
Wall tension - ✔✔contributor to rupturing of weakened vessel
what increases vascular wall tension? - ✔✔blood pressure
radius of vessel
What decreases vascular wall tension? - ✔✔increased wall thickness
Vascular Aneurysm: Law of LaPlace - ✔✔weakened vessel is dilates and radius increases and
increased wall tension, creates vessel enlargement over time, increasing risk of catastrophic
rupture
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