BIOL 2460 CH. 1 Main Themes of Microbiology Test Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 2460
Institution
BIO 2460
What is Microbiology The specialized area of biology that deals with organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye
6 Characteristics of All Living Things Have cells, grow and develop, reproduce, respond to stimuli, regulate their metabolic activity
5 Major Groups of Microorganisms Bacteria, A...
BIOL 2460 CH. 1 Main Themes of
Microbiology Test Questions and
Correct Answers
What is Microbiology ✅The specialized area of biology that deals with organisms too
small to be seen with the naked eye
6 Characteristics of All Living Things ✅Have cells, grow and develop, reproduce,
respond to stimuli, regulate their metabolic activity
5 Major Groups of Microorganisms ✅Bacteria, Algae, Fungi, Protozoa, Helminths
Why are viruses not considered microorganisms ✅They are noncellular, parasitic,
protein-coated genetic elements (not living)
What makes microbes easy to study? ✅They reproduce rapidly so many can be grown
in lab
What makes microbes difficult to study? ✅They cannot be seen directly so they must
be analyzed via indirect methods
What do microbiologists study? ✅Cell structure & function, growth and physiology,
genetics, taxonomy & evolutionary history, interactions with living and nonliving
environment
6 Main Branches of Microbiology ✅Medical Microbiology, Public Health Microbiology
and Epidemiology, Immunology, Industrial Microbiology, Agricultural Microbiology, and
Environmental Microbiology
What does Medical Microbiology do? ✅Deals with microbes that cause disease
What does Public Health Microbiology and Epidemiology do? ✅Monitor and control the
spread of diseases in communities (CDC, WHO)
What does Immunology do? ✅Studies the complex web of protective substances and
cells produced in response to infection
What does Industrial Microbiology do? ✅Safeguards our food and water and includes
biotechnology
, What does Agricultural Microbiology do? ✅Concerned with the relationships between
microbes and domesticated plants and animals
What does Environmental Microbiology do? ✅Study the effects of microbes on the
Earth's diverse habitats
What does prokary mean? ✅Does not have a nucleus. Includes Bacteria and Archaea
Bacteria are ubiquitous, what does that mean? ✅They are found everywhere, in
Earth's crust, in polar ice caps, in oceans, in the bodies of plants and animals
What is evolution? ✅The accumulation of changes that occur in organisms as they
adapt to their environments. An observable phenomenon testable by science
T/F: Plants supply most of the Earth's oxygen ✅False, photosynthetic microorganisms
account for more than 70% of the Earth's photosynthesis, thus creating more oxygen
than plants
What is decomposition? ✅Breakdown of dead matter by bacteria and fungi which can
then be used as more food
Microbes are the main forces that drive the structure and content of soil, water, and
atmosphere. How do they do this? ✅Gas production by microbes, microbes living
within the earth's crust, and bacteria and fungi living in complex associations with plants
How do humans use microbes? ✅Humans have been using microorganisms for
thousands of years to improve life and even shape civilizations (yeast for production of
bread, wine, and beer; other fungi used for cheese production; moldy bread used in
Egypt to treat wounds). Now they are used in biotechnology, genetic engineering,
recombinant DNA technology, and bioremediation.
What is Biotechnology? ✅Manipulation of microorganisms to make products in an
industrial setting
What does Genetic Engineering do? ✅Manipulates the genetics of microbes, plants,
and animals for the purpose of creating new products and genetically modified
organisms (GMOs)
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