Biol 2460 Chapter 3 Test Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 2460
Institution
BIO 2460
What are the five basic techniques Microbiologists use to manipulate, grow, examine, and characterize MOs Inoculation; Incubation; Isolation; Inspection; Identification
Sterile Complete absence of viable microbe
Aspetic Prevention of infection or contamination
Pure culture Growth of single speci...
Biol 2460 Chapter 3 Test Questions and
Correct Answers
What are the five basic techniques Microbiologists use to manipulate, grow, examine,
and characterize MOs ✅Inoculation; Incubation; Isolation; Inspection; Identification
Sterile ✅Complete absence of viable microbe
Aspetic ✅Prevention of infection or contamination
Pure culture ✅Growth of single species of microbe
Inoculation ✅Producing a culture by introducing sample into sterile medium that will
sustain growth. Can be taken from blood, CSF, discharge, disease tissues, soil, water,
sewage, foods, air, inatimate objects
Incubation ✅Placing it in a temperature controlled chamber to encourage multiplication
(20-40 degrees C)
Isolation ✅Separating species from one another
Axenic ✅Culture is free of other living things except from the one being studied
Sub-Culture ✅Make a second-lvl culture from a well isolated colony; a tiny bit of cell is
transferred into a separate container of medium and incubated
Mixed culture ✅Two or more identified species of MOs
Contaminated culture ✅Once pure or mixed, but now contains unwanted microbes of
uncertain identity
Streak Plate ✅Simplest and most common technique to isolate pure colonies -
purpose is to rudece # of cells being spreaded with each series of streaks, diluting conc.
of cells
T-Streak ✅3 quadrants
Quad-Streak ✅4 quadrants
Spread Plate ✅Where mixture of cells is spread out on agar surface so that every cell
grows into a completely separate colony
, Colony ✅A macroscopically visible growth of cluster of MOs; about 1 million is needed
to be visible to naked eye; .1 ml is transferred; used to count microbial pop.; number of
colonies should = number of viable organisms in sample
Enumeration (collection) of bacterial Colonies ✅Viable plate count contains 30 - 300
bacterial colonies
TMTC - more than 300
TFTC - less than 30
Pour Plate ✅Original sample is diluted several times to reduce microbial populations to
obtain separate colonies when plating; small volume of several diluted samples are
mixed with liquid agar then poured into petri dish
Inspection ✅Cultures are examine and evaulated macroscopically and microscopically
for color, texture, size, cell shape, size, motility, staining techniques
Form - of colony ✅Determined by looking down at the top of colont
Elevation - of colony ✅When viewed from the side as the plate is held at eye level
Colony Edge ✅Growth is fastest here because oxygen and nutrients are plentiful
Colony center ✅Slower growth but much thicker; cell autolysis takes place in the older
portions of some colonies; oxygen does NOT readily diffuse in the center, toxic
metabolic products CANNOT be eliminated quickly, and growth in the center is slowed
or stopped
Identification ✅Identified in terms of macroscopic or immunological morphology,
microscopic morphology, biochemical reactions, and genetic characteristics
Media can be classified by: ✅Physical state, chemical composition, functional type
Synthetic/Defined Media ✅Compositions are chemically defined, pure organic and
inorganic compounds
Nonsynthetic/Complex media ✅Media that contains at least one ingredient that is not
chemically definable; used bc nutritional requirements are unknown; contains peptones,
meat extracts, and yeast extracts
Peptones ✅Protein hydrolysates prepared by partial digestion of meat, casein, soy,
meal, gelatin, C and N energy sources
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