HU - HI 301 Epidemiology - Final Readiness Guide Q & S 2024HU - HI 301 Epidemiology - Final Readiness Guide Q & S 2024HU - HI 301 Epidemiology - Final Readiness Guide Q & S 2024
,1. Which study design is most appropriately used to
determine the effectiveness of a new vaccine?
- A) Case-control study
- B) Cohort study
- C) Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
- D) Cross-sectional study
- Correct Answer: C) Randomized controlled trial
(RCT)
Rationale: RCTs are the gold standard for assessing
the causal relationship between an intervention and an
outcome, especially for vaccine effectiveness.
2. The concept of herd immunity is most closely
associated with which type of prevention?
- A) Primary prevention
- B) Secondary prevention
- C) Tertiary prevention
- D) Quaternary prevention
- Correct Answer: A) Primary prevention
Rationale: Herd immunity prevents the spread of
disease among vulnerable populations through vaccination.
, - Correct Answer: B) Relative risk
Rationale: Relative risk compares the risk of disease in
two different groups and is suitable for cohort data.
### Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. Epidemiological studies that observe individuals for an
outcome over time without manipulating the exposure are
known as ________ studies.
Correct Answer: Cohort
Rationale: Cohort studies follow participants over time
to see how exposures affect outcomes.
5. The measure of disease frequency that represents the
number of new cases of a disease that occur in a
population during a specified time period is called
________.
Correct Answer: Incidence
Rationale: Incidence indicates the rate of new cases in
a given timeframe, which helps assess the severity and
spread of disease.
### True/False Questions
6. True or False: A confounder is a variable that obscures
the true relationship between the exposure and the
outcome.
Correct Answer: True
Rationale: Confounders can lead to incorrect
conclusions about the exposure-outcome relationship by
mixing effects.
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