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Federal Tax Research 12th Edition by Roby Sawyers, Steven Gill Test Bank ||all chapters!!! $16.49   Add to cart

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Federal Tax Research 12th Edition by Roby Sawyers, Steven Gill Test Bank ||all chapters!!!

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Test Bank for Federal Tax Research, 13e 13th Edition by Roby Sawyers, Steven Gill. Full Chapters test bank are included with answers (Chapter 1 to 13) Part I: THE TAX RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT. 1. Introduction to Tax Practice and Ethics. 2. Tax Research Methodology. Part II: PRIMARY SOURCES OF FEDERAL T...

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  • September 30, 2024
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  • Federal Tax Research
  • Federal Tax Research
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FederalTTaxTResearch,T11thTEditio PageT1-1
n




CHAPTER 1
AN INTRODUCTION TO TAX PRACTICE AND ETHICS

,FederalTTaxTResearch,T11thTEditio PageT1-2
n




DISCUSSIONTQUESTIONS

1-1.
InTtheTUnitedTStates,TtheTtaxTsystemTisTanToutgrowthTofTtheTfollowingTfiveTdisciplin
es:Tlaw,Taccounting,Teconomics,TpoliticalTscience,TandTsociology.TTheTenvironmentTforTth
eTtaxTsystemTisTprovidedTbyTtheTprinciplesTofTeconomics,Tsociology,TandTpoliticalTscience,
TwhileTtheTlegalTandTaccountingTfieldsTareTresponsibleTforTtheTsystem'sTinterpretationTandT

application.

EachTofTtheseTdisciplinesTaffectsTthisTcountry'sTtaxTsystemTinTaTuniqueTway.TEconomistsTa
ddressTsuchTissuesTasThowTproposedTtaxTlegislationTwillTaffectTtheTrateTofTinflationTorTeco
nomicTgrowth.TMeasurementTofTtheTsocialTequityTofTaTtax,TandTdeterminingTwhetherTaTtaxT
systemTdiscriminatesTagainstTcertainTtaxpayers,TareTissuesTthatTareTexaminedTbyTsociologi
stsTandTpoliticalTscientists.TFinally,TattorneysTareTresponsibleTforTtheTinter-
TpretationTofTtheTtaxationTstatutes,TandTaccountantsTensureTthatTtheseTsameTstatutesTareTap

pliedTconsistently.

PageT4

1-2. TheTotherTmajorTcategoriesTofTtaxTpracticeTinTadditionTtoTtaxTresearchTare:

 taxTcompliance
 taxTplanning
 taxTlitigation

T PageT5

1-3.
TaxTcomplianceTconsistsTofTgatheringTpertinentTinformation,TevaluatingTandTclas
sifyingTthatTinformation,TandTfilingTanyTnecessaryTtaxTreturns.TComplianceTalsoTinclud
esTotherTfunctionsTnecessaryTtoTsatisfyTgovernmentalTrequirements,TsuchTasTrepresentin
gTaTclientTduringTanTIRSTaudit.

PageT5

1-4.
MostTofTtheTtaxTcomplianceTworkTisTperformedTbyTcommercialTtaxTpreparers,Tenro
lledTagents,Tattorneys,TandTCPAs.TNoncomplexTindividual,Tpartnership,TandTcorporateTta
xTreturnsToftenTareTcompletedTbyTcommercialTtaxTpreparers.TTheTpreparationTofTmoreTco
mplexTreturnsTusuallyTisTperformedTbyTenrolledTagents,Tattorneys,TandTCPAs.TTheTlatterTg
roupsTalsoTprovideTtaxTplanningTservicesTandTrepresentTtheirTclientsTbeforeTtheTIRS.

AnTenrolledTagentTisToneTwhoTisTadmittedTtoTpracticeTbeforeTtheTIRSTbyTpassingTaTspecialT
IRS-
administeredTexamination,TorTwhoThasTworkedTforTtheTIRSTforTfiveTyears,TandTisTissuedTaT
permitTtoTrepresentTclientsTbeforeTtheTIRS.TCPAsTandTattorneysTareTnotTrequiredTtoTtakeTthi
sTexaminationTandTareTautomaticallyTadmittedTtoTpracticeTbeforeTtheTIRSTifTtheyTareTinTgoo
dTstandingTwithTtheTappropriateTprofessionalTlicensingTboard.

,FederalTTaxTResearch,T11thTEditio PageT1-3
n


PageT5TandTCircularT230




1-5.
TaxTplanningTisTtheTprocessTofTarrangingTone'sTfinancialTaffairsTtoTminimizeTanyTta
xTliability.TMuchTofTmodernTtaxTpracticeTcentersTaroundTthisTprocess,TandTtheTresultingTo
utcomeTisTtaxTavoidance.TThereTisTnothingTillegalTorTimmoralTinTtheTavoidanceTofTtaxa-
Ttion,TasTlongTasTtheTtaxpayerTremainsTwithinTlegalTbounds.TInTcontrast,TtaxTevasionTconsti

tutesTtheTillegalTnonpaymentTofTaTtaxTandTcannotTbeTcondoned.TActivitiesTofTthisTsortTclear
lyTviolateTexistingTlegalTconstraintsTandTfallToutsideTofTtheTdomainTofTtheTprofessionalTtaxT
practitioner.

PageT6

1-6.
InTanTopenTtaxTplanningTsituation,TtheTtransactionTisTnotTyetTcomplete,Ttherefore,Tth
eTtaxTpractitionerTmaintainsTsomeTdegreeTofTcontrolToverTtheTpotentialTtaxTliability,TandTth
eTtransactionTmayTbeTmodifiedTtoTachieveTaTmoreTfavorableTtaxTtreatment.TInTaTclosedTtra
nsactionThowever,TallTofTtheTpertinentTactionsThaveTbeenTcompleted,TandTtaxTplanningTacti
vitiesTmayTbeTlimitedTtoTtheTpresentationTofTtheTsituationTtoTtheTgovernmentTinTtheTmostTle
gallyTadvantageousTmannerTpossible.

PageT6

1-7.
TaxTlitigationTisTtheTprocessTofTsettlingTaTdisputeTwithTtheTIRSTinTaTcourtTofTlaw.TTy
pically,TaTtaxTattorneyThandlesTtaxTlitigationTthatTprogressesTbeyondTtheTfinalTIRSTappeal.

PageT6

1-8. CPAsTserveTisTaTsupportTcapacityTinTtaxTlitigation.

PageT6

1-9.
TaxTresearchTconsistsTofTtheTresolutionTofTunansweredTtaxationTquestions.T
TheTtaxTresearchTprocessTincludesTtheTfollowing:

1. IdentificationTofTpertinentTissues;
2. SpecificationTofTproperTauthorities;
3. EvaluationTofTtheTproprietyTofTauthorities;Tand,
4. ApplicationTofTauthoritiesTtoTaTspecificTsituation.

PageT6

1-10.
CircularT230TisTissuedTbyTtheTTreasuryTDepartmentTandTappliesTtoTallTwhoTpractice
beforeTtheTIRS.
T



PageT7

, FederalTTaxTResearch,T11thTEditio PageT1-4
n


1-11.
InTadditionTtoTCircularT230,TCPAsTmustTfollowTtheTAICPA'sTCodeTofTProfessi
onalTConductTandTStatementsTonTStandardsTforTTaxTServices.TCPAsTmustTalsoTabideT
byTtheTrulesTofTtheTappropriateTstateTboard(s)TofTaccountancy.

PageT7

1-12. ATreturnTpreparerTmustTobtainT18ThoursTofTcontinuingTeducationTfromTanTIRS-
approvedTCETProvider.TTheThoursTmustTincludeTaT6TcreditThourTAnnualTFederalTTaxTR
efresherTcourseT(AFTR)TthatTcoversTfilingTseasonTissuesTandTtaxTlawTupdates.TTheTAF
TRTcourseTmustTincludeTaTknowledge-
basedTcomprehensionTtestTadministeredTatTtheTconclusionTofTtheTcourseTbyTtheTCETPro
vider.

LimitedTpracticeTrightsTallowTindividualsTtoTrepresentTclientsTwhoseTreturnsTtheyTprepare
dTandTsigned,TbutTonlyTbeforeTrevenueTagents,TcustomerTserviceTrepresentatives,TandTsimi
larTIRSTemployees.
PageT10TandTIRS.gov

1-13.
False.TOnlyTcommunicationTwithTtheTIRSTconcerningTaTtaxpayer'sTrights,Tprivile
ges,TorTliabilityTisTincluded.TPracticeTbeforeTtheTIRSTdoesTnotTincludeTrepresentationTb
eforeTtheTTaxTCourt.

PageT7

1-14. SectionT10.2TofTSubpartTATofTCircularT230TdefinesTpracticeTbeforeTtheTIRSTasTincluding:

mattersTconnectedTwithTpresentationTtoTtheTInternalTRevenueTServiceTorTanyTofTits
TofficersTorTemployeesTrelatingTtoTaTclient'sTrights,Tprivileges,TorTliabilitiesTunderT

lawsTorTregulationsTadministeredTbyTtheTInternalTRevenueTService.TSuchTpresenta
tionsTincludeTtheTpreparationTandTfilingTofTnecessaryTdocuments,Tcorrespondence
Twith,TandTcommunicationsTtoTtheTInternalTRevenueTService,TandTtheTrepresentati

onTofTaTclientTatTconferences,Thearings,TandTmeetings.

PageT7

1-15.
ToTbecomeTanTEnrolledTAgentTanTindividualTcanT(1)TpassTaTtestTgivenTbyTtheTIR
STorT(2)TworkTforTtheTIRSTforTfiveTyears.TCircularT230,TSubpartTA,TSecs.T10.4TtoT10.6.

PageT9


1-16.
EnrolledTAgentsTmustTcompleteT72ThoursTofTContinuingTEducationTeveryTthreeTye
arsT(anTaverageTofT24TperTyear,TwithTaTminimumTofT16ThoursTduringTanyTyear.).TCircula
rT230,TSubpartTA.T§10.6.

PageT9

1-17.
True.TAsTaTgeneralTrule,TanTindividualTmustTbeTanTenrolledTagent,Tattorney,TorTCP
ATtoTrepresentTaTclientTbeforeTtheTIRS.TThereTareTlimitedTsituationsTwhereTothersTmayTrep
resentTaTtaxpayer;Thowever,TthisTfactTpatternTisTnotToneTofTthem.TSinceTLeighTdidTnotTsig

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