COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - Answer: - chronic inflammatory lung disease that
causes obstructed airflow from the lungs
CHF (congestive heart failure) - Answer: - condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood
to the rest of the body
PE (pulmonary embolism) - Answer: - A condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs
become blocked by a blood clot. Sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, cough. Treated with
blood thinners, or an embolectomy.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) - Answer: - hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized by excess
mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms
Pneumothorax (PTX) - Answer: - an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space which can
cause all or part of the lung to collapse
Pneumonia (PNA) - Answer: - An inflammation of lung tissue, where the alveoli in the affected
areas fill w/fluid, lung sound association is rales
Pulmonary edema - Answer: - fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles usually caused by failure of the
heart to pump enough blood to and from lungs, found in patients with a hx of cardiac disease,
check for a tachypneic, diaphoretic patient , check for rales on auscultation
chronic bronchtis - Answer: - Inflammation and irritation of the bronchial tubes
Emphysema - Answer: - a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged,
causing breathlessness.
Hyperventilation syndrome - Answer: - usually severe agitiation, anxiety or fright, hyperventilation,
progressive signs and symptoms of alkalosis, (light headedness dizziness, numbness, feeling of
tightness, muscle twitching, carpal-pedal spasms, tetany, seizures, loss of consciousness
peripheral circulation - Answer: - blood outside the central circulation, blood supply for the
extremities, consist of veins and arteries
Central circulation - Answer: - blood in the heart and in the pulmonary circulation
Epiglottitis - Answer: - A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and enlarged and may
cause an upper airway obstruction.
Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) - Answer: - a viral infection that causes swelling of the larynx
and epiglottis; a barking noise is characteristic
when do you perform rescue breathing? - Answer: - When a person collapses and stops breathing
Ventilation (adult) - Answer: - 10 ventilations per minute, 6-8 ml in mechanical ventilation
, Ventilation rate of Pediatric Patients - Answer: - 20-30 breaths per minute
ventilation rate of an infant - Answer: - 1 breath every 6-8 seconds
Normal respiratory rate (adult) - Answer: - 12-16 breaths per minute
Normal respiratory rate (pediatrics) - Answer: - 20-30 breaths per minute
Normal respiratory rate (infant) - Answer: - 20-30 breaths per minute
Breathing assessment - Answer: - respiration rate rhythm, regular or irregular
quality/character of breathing depth of breathing
proper ventilation of a stoma - Answer: - seal the mouth and nose with one hand, provide BVM
and look for equal chest rise
humidified oxygen - Answer: - Oxygen forced through distilled water and collected into the tubing;
the oxygen now contains water vapour and is less irritating to delicate mucous membranes
compared with plain oxygen
suction catheter - Answer: - A hollow, cylindrical device used to remove fluid from the patient's
airway.
How to properly measure an OPA - Answer: - From ear lobe to corner of mouth
Indications for an OPA - Answer: - risk of airway obstruction due to relaxed upper airway muscles
or blockage of the airway by the tongue.
Contraindications for an OPA - Answer: - conscious patient with an intact gag reflex
Proper suctioning techniques - Answer: - 1. Check portable suction machine
connect tubing to machine including suction
Make sure there are no blockages in the suction tubing
Suction airway in circular motion until all vomitus, blood etc is removed
most common airway obstruction - Answer: - the patient's tongue
Techniques to Open the Airway - Answer: - Head tilt/chin lift, jaw thrust maneuver
Head tilt chin lift - Answer: - Relieves airway obstruction in an unresponsive victim
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