Stroke (CVA) an emergency condition in which neurologic deficits result from sudden decrease in blood flow to a localized area of the brain.
CVA- modifiable risk factors *can be altered by prevention* These pertain to all disease and lifestyle risks - high blood pressure - DM - Substance/alcohol a...
NUR-140 Final Exam Questions and
Correct Answers
Stroke (CVA) ✅an emergency condition in which neurologic deficits result from sudden
decrease in blood flow to a localized area of the brain.
CVA- modifiable risk factors ✅*can be altered by prevention*
These pertain to all disease and lifestyle risks
- high blood pressure
- DM
- Substance/alcohol abuse
- Smoking
- Hyperlipidemia
- Sleep apnea
- Obesity and sedentary lifestyle
- previous stroke or TIA
- Atrial fib
- Recent viral/bacterial infections
Ischemic stroke. ✅*Ischemic* - when blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly
interrupted by a thrombus (blood clot), embolus (a traveling blood clot that gets stuck
somewhere in the blood stream), or blood vessel stenosis (narrowing of blood vessel
due to plaque)
*most common*
TIA- transient ischemic attack ✅brief period of localized cerebral ischemia that causes
neurologic deficits lasting for less than 24hrs.
- warning sign of ischemic thrombotic stroke
- one or many TIA's precede stroke
TIA- manifestations ✅*these vary according to the location and size of the cerebral
vessel involved and have a sudden onset*
- contralateral numbness/weakness of the leg/hand/forearm/and corner of mouth
- aphasia: difficulty speaking, not finding the "right" words
- visual disturbances; blurring
- amaurosis fugax: fleeting blindness of one eye, described as a shade coming down
over vision in the affected eye.
Amaurosis fugax ✅fleeting blindness of one eye, described as a shade coming down
over vision in the affected eye.
Thrombotic Stroke (Large vessel) ✅- caused by occlusion of a large cerebral vessel by
a thrombus.
- occurs most often in older pts who are sleeping or resting. BP is lower during sleep, so
there is less pressure to push the blood through an already narrowed arterial lumen.
- ischemia may result
- once this thrombus breaks off, it turns into an embolus
- affects cerebral artery supplying the cerebral cortex, causing aphasia,neglect
syndrome, visual field affects
Lacunar infarct- small vessel stroke ✅- Thrombotic stroke that affects small vessels.
- Infarcted areas slough off, leaving a small cavity, or "lake in the brain tissue.
- occur in the deeper parts of brain/brainstem from occlusion of small branches of large
cerebral arteries. (Most often middle cerebral and posterior cerebral arteries)
- Manifestations: motor hemiplegia (most common), sensory hemiplegia, and dysarthria
Hemorrhagic stroke. ✅*Hemorrhagic* - when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, spilling
blood into spaces surrounding neurons.
- onset from this type of stroke is rapid
- blood enters the brain tissue, cerebral ventricles, subarachnoid space, compressing
tissues that are next to each other, causing blood vessel spasm and edema
- Impaired absorption of cerebrospinal fluid
Hemorrhagic stroke- etiology ✅- hypertension (MOST COMMON CAUSE)
- rupture of a cerebral blood vessel
- rupture of a brittle plaque- encrusted artery wall -rupture of aneurysm
-trauma
-erosion of blood vessels by tumors
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller twishfrancis. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
