be inside the cell in order for them to replicate. The cell itself makes copies of the virus as it
replicates.
Target cells are cells that have a specified receptor for that specific virus. For example, a
hepatitis virus travels through the blood to find the liver cells, in which they have a specified
receptor for hepatitis.
Describe the four effects that viruses can have on cells. - answer✔Cessation (stopping) of DNA,
RNA, or protein synthesis.
Cellular destruction (lysis) by either viruses as they are released from the cell or by the host's
immune system.
Transformation of host cells into cancerous cells (oncogenic viruses like HPV).
Promotion of secondary bacterial infection of cells damaged by the virus (like rhinoviruses and
influenza viruses).
Describe the reasons Ebola and Marburg fever (hemorrhagic fevers) are such dangerous viral
infections and give the target cells of these viruses. - answer✔They are dangerous because:
The source of the virus in nature is not known.
The infections they cause are known as hemorrhagic fevers.
The infections progress fast and have an extremely high mortality rate because there is no
treatment for these infections.
The target cells of the viruses are endothelial cells (the cells that line the blood vessels).
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