Foundations of Nursing Exam #1 Questions
With Verified Answers
Which organization is the best source of information when a nurse wishes to determine whether
an action is within the scope of nursing practice?
a. American Association of Colleges in Nursing
b. (AACN) National League for Nursing (NLN)
c. International Council of Nurses (ICN)
d. American Nurses Association (ANA) - answer✔D. American Nurses Association
What was one barrier to the development of the nursing profession in the United States after the
Civil War?
a.independence of nursing orders
b.lack of educational standards
c.hospital-based schools of nursing
d.lack of influence from nursing leaders - answer✔b. lack of education standards
Which nurse posited a theory that can be practically applied to nursing as follows: "Nurses
modify unhealthy aspects of the environment to put the client in the best condition for nature to
act."
a. Dorothea Orem
b. Sister Callista Roy
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Virginia Henderson - answer✔c. Florence Nightingale
What historical event led to the demise of nursing in England before the time of Florence
Nightingale? - answer✔When religions groups were exiled to western Europe during the schism
between King Henry VIII and the Catholic Church. (The management of parochial hospitals and
the ill within them fell to the state)
Reforms for which Florence Nightingale is responsible. - answer✔Training women for future
work
Selecting only those with upstanding characters as potential nurses
Improving sanitary conditions for the sick and injured
Significantly reducing the death rate of British soldiers
Providing classroom education and clinical teaching
Advocating that nursing education should be lifelong
Name three ways that nurses used their skills in the early history of US nursing. - answer✔1.
Nurses moved into communities and established "settlement houses
2. Provided midwifery services
3. Volunteered during wartime
Art of Nursing - answer✔Ability to perform act skillfully
Science of Nursing - answer✔body of knowledge unique to a particular subject; develops from
observing and studying the relationship of one phenomenon to another
Nursing Theory: Environmental Theory - answer✔External conditions such as ventilation, light,
odor, and cleanliness can prevent, suppress, or contribute to disease or death.
Florence Nighingale
Nursing Theory: Basic Needs Theory - answer✔People have basic needs that are components of
health. The significance and value of these needs are unique to each person.
Virginia Henderson
Nursing Theory: Self-Care Theory - answer✔People learn behaviors that they perform on their
own behalf to maintain life, health, and well-being.
Dorothea Orem
Nursing Theory: Adaptation Theory - answer✔Humans are biopsychosocial beings; a change in
one component results in adaptive changes in the others.
Nursing Process - answer✔organized sequence of problem-solving steps used to identify and
manage the health problems of clients
Assessment
Diagnosis
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