The Criminal Justice System Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions Latest Update Graded A+
2 views 0 purchase
Course
Criminal Justice system
Institution
Criminal Justice System
The Criminal Justice System Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions Latest Update Graded A+
federalism - Answers system of government in which power is divided between a central (national) government and regional (state) government
system - Answers complex whole consisting of interdependent...
The Criminal Justice System Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions Latest Update Graded A+
federalism - Answers system of government in which power is divided between a central (national)
government and regional (state) government
system - Answers complex whole consisting of interdependent parts whose actions are directed toward
goals and are influenced by the environment within which they function
exchange - Answers mutual transfer of resources; a balance of benefits and deficits that flow from
behavior based on decisions about the values and costs of alternatives
plea bargain - Answers defendant's plea of guilty to a criminal charge with the reasonable expectation of
receiving some consideration from the state for doing so, usually a reduction of the charge; defendant's
ultimate goal is a lighter penalty than the one warranted by the charged offense
discretion - Answers authority to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts, using
instead one's own judgement; allows for individualization and informality in the administration of justice
filtering process - Answers screening operation; a process by which criminal justice officials screen out
some cases while advancing others to the next level of decision making
dual court system - Answers system consisting of separate judicial system for each state in addition to a
national system; each case is tried in the court of the same jurisdiction as that of the law broken
adjudication - Answers process of determining whether the defendant is guilty
arrest - Answers physical taking of a person into custody on the grounds that there is reason to believe
that he or she had committed a criminal offense; police may use only reasonable physical force in
making an arrest; purpose is to hold the accused for a court proceeding
warrant - Answers court order authorizing police officers to take certain actions, for example, to arrest
suspects or to search premises
information - Answers document charging an individual with a specific crime, prepared by a prosecuting
attorney and presented to a court at a preliminary hearing
indictment - Answers document returned by a grand jury as a "true bill" charging an individual with a
specific crime on the basis of a determination of probable cause as presented by a prosecuting attorney
felonies - Answers serious crimes usually carrying a penalty of death or of incarceration for more than
one year
misdemeanors - Answers offenses less serious than felonies and usually punishable by incarceration of
no more than a year, probation, or intermediate sanction
, crime control model - Answers model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom is so
important that every effort must be made to repress crime; emphasizes efficiency, speed, finality, and
the capacity to apprehend, try, convict, and dispose of a high proportion of offenders
due process model - Answers model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom is so important
that every effort must be made to ensure that criminal justice decisions are based on reliable
information; emphasizes adversarial process, rights of defendants, formal decision-making procedures
disparity - Answers difference between groups that may either be explained by legitimate factors or
indicate discrimination
discrimination - Answers differential treatment of individuals or groups based on race, ethnicity, gender,
sexual orientation, or economic status, instead of on their behavior or qualifications
mala in se - Answers offenses that are wrong by their very nature
mala prohibita - Answers offenses prohibited by law but not wrong in themselves
visible crime - Answers offense against persons or property, committed primarily by members of the
lower class; often referred to as "street crime" or "ordinary crime"; this type of offense is most upsetting
to the public
occupational crimes - Answers criminal offenses committed through opportunities created in a legal
business or occupation
organized crime - Answers framework for the perpetuation of criminal acts-usually in fields such as
gambling, drugs, and prostituion-providing illegal services that are in great demand
money laundering - Answers moving the proceeds of criminal activities through a maze of business,
banks, and brokerage accounts so as to disguise their origin
crimes without victims - Answers offenses involving a willing and private exchange of illegal goods and
services that are in strong demand; participants do not feel they are being harmed, but these crimes are
prosecuted on the ground that society as a whole is being injured
political crime - Answers act, usually done for idealogical purposes, that constitutes a threat against the
state (such as treason, sedition, or espionage); also describes a criminal act by the state
cyber crimes - Answers offenses that involve the use of one or more computers
dark figure of crime - Answers metaphor that emphasizes the dangerous dimension of crimes that are
never reported to the police
Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) - Answers annually published statical summary of crimes reported to the
police, based on voluntary reports to the FBI by local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TutorJosh. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
