Exam 3 NUR-140 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 140
Institution
NUR 140
Local effects of respiratory disorders cough Excess mucous production SOB (dypsnea) Hemoptysis (blood sputum) Chest pain
Systemic effects of respiratory disorders fever Anorexia Malaise Cyanosis Other manifestations of impaired gas exchange
What initiates cough reflex mucosal irritation and incre...
Exam 3 NUR-140 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
Local effects of respiratory disorders ✅cough
Excess mucous production
SOB (dypsnea)
Hemoptysis (blood sputum)
Chest pain
Systemic effects of respiratory disorders ✅fever
Anorexia
Malaise
Cyanosis
Other manifestations of impaired gas exchange
What initiates cough reflex ✅mucosal irritation and increase in mucous production
Define pneumonia ✅inflammation of lung parenchyma (the respiratory bronchioles and
alveoli)
Pneumonia is ranked as the ✅8th leading cause of death in the US
Accounts for 10% of adult hospitalizations in US
What is pneumonia caused by ✅bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and other microbes
Noninfectious causes of pneumonia ✅aspiration of gastric contents
Inhalation of toxic or irritating gasses
Infectious pneumonia is classified as either ✅-commonly acquired
-nonsocial (hospital acquired)
-opportunistic
Most commonly causative organism for community acquired pneumonia
✅streptococcus pneumonia also called pneumococcus
Causes 66% of cases
Most common means of entry of pathogens into the lungs ✅-aspiration of
oropharyngeal secretions containing microbes
-microorganisms inhaled after being released when infectious person coughs, sneezes,
or talks
- contaminated aerosolized water
, -bacterial could spread from the blood stream from an infection elsewhere within the
body
Pneumonia may derive in 4 distinct patterns ✅1. Lobar pneumonia
2. Bronchopneumonia
3. Interstitial pneumonia
4. Miliary pneumonia
Acute bacterial pneumonia ✅-streptococcus pneumonia
-may spread by direct person to person contact via droplets
- many causes result from aspiration of resident bacteria
-lower lobes of lungs usually affected due to gravity
Lobar pnemonia ✅consolidation (solidification) of large portion of entire lung lobe
Bronchopneumonia ✅patchy consolidation involving more than one lobe
Usually involves dependent portions of lung tissue
Interstitial pneumonia ✅inflammatory process primarily involves interstitial: alveolar
walls and connective tissue supporting bronchial tree.
Miliary pneumonia ✅numerous discrete inflammatory lesions develop as a result of the
spread of pathogen via the blood stream
The presentation of bacterial pneumonia ✅-usually acute, rapid onset of shaking chills
(rigors), fever, productive cough (rust colored) or purulent sputum, chest aching or
pleuritis pain (sharp localized chest pain that increases with breathing and coughing)
-limited breath sounds
-fine crackles or rales are heard over the affected lung
The presentation of bronchopneumonia ✅includes onset with low grade fever, cough,
scattered crackles
Presentation of pneumonia in older adult or debilitated patient ✅little cough, scant
sputum, minimal evidence of respiratory distress, fever, tachapena, and altered
mentation or agitation
Complications of pneumonia ✅most common is pleuritis
Extensive parenchymal damage with necrosis
Lung abscess
Empyema or pleural effusion
Manifestation of lung absess ✅develops slowly
Weight loss
Malaise
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