ERS 315 Test 2 || All Questions Answered Correctly.
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Course
ERS 315
Institution
ERS 315
What is systems thinking? correct answers Concerned with relationships within a set of interrelated elements organized to produce a pattern or behaviour over time to serve a function or goal.
What are systems components? correct answers -elements (VCs)
-interconnections (non-linear, feedbacks)
...
ERS 315 Test 2 || All Questions Answered Correctly.
What is systems thinking? correct answers Concerned with relationships within a set of
interrelated elements organized to produce a pattern or behaviour over time to serve a function or
goal.
What are systems components? correct answers -elements (VCs)
-interconnections (non-linear, feedbacks)
-function/goal of the system
What are systems thinking strategies? correct answers -multiple perspectives (acknowledging
diversity)
-complex dynamics (acknowledging complexity and uncertainty)
-a lens for looking at the world (holistic thinking)
What is bounded rationality? correct answers We make reasonable decisions based on the
information we have- but this info is incomplete. Decisions made at one scale (temporal, spatial,
contextual) may not make sense at another scale.
What is the importance of systems thinking in EA? correct answers It advocates for cumulative
effects assessment, helps understand range of impacts, understand larger and more meaningful
scales, and impacts of project-level VCs can depend on where you draw your boundaries
What are social impacts? correct answers Everything that affects people: changes to way of life,
culture, community, political systems, environment, health and wellbeing, personal and property
rights, and fears and aspirations
How do social impacts vary? correct answers desirability, scale, duration, and intensity
What is social impact assessment (SIA)? correct answers analyzing, monitoring, and managing
intended and unintended social consequences
What were the impacts of the Muskrat Falls project? correct answers -methylmercury pollution
into food sources (Indigenous persons living subsistence lifestyle most at risk)
-loss to fisheries and livelihoods
-flooding of Innu and Inuit homeland
-elimination of wetlands
-SAR and GHG emissions
How could the Muskrat Falls project have been done better? correct answers -health risk
assessment
-free prior informed consent
What is a health risk assessment? correct answers assessing potential human health risks from
exposure to chemical substances, dependent on the degree of exposure to chemical and toxicity
levels
, What are the steps to health risk assessments? correct answers -problem formulation
-toxicity assessment
-exposure assessment
-risk characterization
Differences in conflicting worldviews between federal/provincial EIA processes and Indigenous
EIA processes? correct answers western science worldview vs Indigenous TEK
masculine and human-centric vs kinship relationship with nature and holistic view
ecosystem services and domination over nature vs physical and spiritual connections to
environment
rely on anthropocentric scientific measurements vs cumulative data of direct observations
through oral traditions
experts/scientists vs elders and TK, holders/land and water protectors
Importance of EIA for Indigenous Peoples? correct answers -opportunity to voice concerns
-identify impacts on land and communities
-shape conditions for project to operate
What is an integral aspect of United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
(UNDRIP)? correct answers Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC)
What is the meaning of each component of Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC)? correct
answers -Free: no direct or indirect factors that may hinder Indigenous people's free will
-Prior: consent sought before decisions are made
-Informed: provide sufficient, accurate, objective information
-Consent: Indigenous nations entitled to give or withhold consent to proposals that affect them
What are Indigenous VECs? correct answers identity, sense of place, sense of community,
spirituality and ceremony, governance, stewardship, language, traditional knowledge, livelihood,
cultural continuity
What are the Indigenous Peoples EIA basic principles? correct answers -equality: TK treated
with respect
-uniqueness: each Indigenous nation is different
-rights: to land and resources by law
-sovereignty: maintain independence as self-governing
-cultural heritage: intellectual property to heritage and culture
-free prior informed consent
What are some Indigenous Peoples EIA operating principles? correct answers -open and
transparent IA process
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