NR 545 EXAM 1 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|
ALREADY GRADED A+
otitis media (OM) - ANSWER: Inflammation or infection of the middle ear cavity
earache - ANSWER: otalgia
Tx for otitis media - ANSWER: Antibiotics - only for recurrent otitis media
Most commonly tx OM with this - ANSWER: Acetaminophen or ibuprofen
Otitis Externa (Swimmer's Ear) - ANSWER: infection of the external auditory canal
and pinna
How does otitis externa occur - ANSWER: Swimming, irritation, introductions of
organisms when cleaning the ear
How to differentiate OM & otitis externa - ANSWER: Otitis externa will have pain
with movement of the pinna
early signs of ototoxicity - ANSWER: Tinnitus (ringing in ears)
What causes ototoxicity? - ANSWER: Atbx, such as streptomycin, neomycin,
vancomycin, the analgesics aspirin and ibuprofen, furosemide., and some
antineoplastic agents
Management of tinnitus - ANSWER: Noise suppression therapy, meds, forms of
alternative medicines such as lipid-flavonoids (no claims of success)
Is there a cure for tinnitus? - ANSWER: No, manage symptoms
First line tx for suspected ruptured tympanic membrane - ANSWER: Heal on its own,
Tylenol or ibuprofen, amoxicillin
Sensorineural hearing loss - ANSWER: Develops with damage to the organ of Cori or
the auditory nerve
What does sensorineural hearing loss result from? - ANSWER: Infection, particularly
viral infections including rubella. Influenza, herpes or damage from head trauma
Conductive hearing loss - ANSWER: When sound is blocked in the external ear or
middle ear from wax, Foreign object, scar tissue or adhesions
, Conjunctivitis - ANSWER: Pink eye - superficial inflammation or infection incoming
the conjunctiva lining the eyelids and covering the sclera
What organisms causes pink eye - ANSWER: Staphylococcus aureus
viral conjuctivitis - ANSWER: Pink , swelling, watery eyes, sensitivity to light, one or
both eyes
Conjunctivitis is caused by what organism? - ANSWER: Staph aureus
Tx for conductivitis - ANSWER: Polymyxin b or erythromycin
Tx for viral conjunctivitis - ANSWER: Eye drops for itching, oral antihistamines, cool
wet compress
Rhinovirus - ANSWER: common cold
How is rhinovirus caused? - ANSWER: By a viral infection of the upper respiratory
tract. The most common pathogen is rhinovirus , but also can be adenovirus,
parainfluenza virus or coronavirus
rhinitis - ANSWER: inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose caused by
allergic rxn to allergen triggers, or can be viral in nature
allergic rhinitis - ANSWER: IgE mediated in response to seasonal allergic triggers such
as grass, pollen, mold
Tx for allergic rhinitis - ANSWER: Nasal corticosteroids, OTC antihistamines including
oral and nasal sprays
sinusitis - ANSWER: Inflammation of the tissues lining the sinuses
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