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EENT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS (WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS)
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EENT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS (WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS)
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EENT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITHEXPLANATIONS (WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS)
70 year-old patient in good health is found to have a large, white
plaque on the oral mucosa of the inner cheek. There is no pain
associated with this. What is a likely diagnosis?
Cheilitis
Aphthous ulcer
Sjögren's syndrome
Leukoplakia Correct Answer Leukoplakia
Explanation:
The etiology of this white plaque is unclear from the given
information, but it cannot be cheilitis. This affects the lips. It
cannot be an aphthous ulcer because this is painful. Sjögren's
syndrome does involve the mucous membranes but manifests
itself as dry mouth, not a plaque or lesion. The differential
diagnosis for a white oral plaque should include oral
leukoplakia, a premalignant lesion. This is often related to HPV,
human papilloma virus. Risk factors include smokeless tobacco.
Others in the differential include oral hairy leukoplakia (seen
almost exclusively in patients with HIV), squamous cell
carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. It may also be a
completely benign growth, but this can only be established after
biopsy.
A 2 month-old is diagnosed with thrush. An exam of this
patient's saliva demonstrates all except:
hyphae.
yeast.
,spores.
a positive KOH. Correct Answer spores
Explanation:
The visualization of yeast, hyphae, pseudohypha in saliva
usually indicates Candida species. The diagnosis of thrush is
usually made on clinical presentation and there is no need for
KOH. Spores are a form assumed by some bacteria and fungi
that are extremely resistant to heat and consequently are very
difficult to kill.
A 2 year-old has a sudden onset of high fever while at daycare.
The daycare attendant describes a seizure in the child. The child
is brought to the clinic; neurologically he appears normal. His
body temperature is 99.9 degrees F after receiving ibuprofen. He
is diagnosed with otitis media. How should the nurse
practitioner manage this?
Assess the child and refer to the ER
Treat the otitis media and give education about fever
management
Start the child on seizure precautions
Have him admitted to the hospital for observation Correct
Answer Treat the otitis media and give education about fever
Explanation:
The child may have had a febrile seizure at the daycare related
to a sudden elevation of body temperature. The sudden rise (or
even fall) of body temperature can precipitate a seizure in young
children. The most common diagnosis associated with febrile
seizures is otitis media. The mother should be advised about
behavior to watch for that could indicate the child is having a
seizure. If this behavior occurs again, the child should be
,brought for neurological evaluation. Information should be
provided to the caregiver regarding management of elevated
body temperature in the child.
A 3 year-old has been diagnosed with acute otitis media. She is
penicillin allergic (Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction). How
should she be managed?
Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Cefuroxil
Clarithromycin Correct Answer Clarithromycin
Explanation:
This patient experienced a Type I allergic reaction to penicillin.
This is characterized by hives, wheezing, or anaphylaxis. It is
NEVER considered safe to prescribe a cephalosporin.
Macrolides may be prescribed to patients with a true Type 1
reaction to penicillin. Since amoxicillin is a penicillin, it should
not be prescribed.
A 3 year-old has been recently treated for an upper respiratory
infection (URI) but drainage from the right nostril persists. What
should the NP suspect?
Allergic rhinitis
Presence of a foreign body
Unresolved URI
Dental caries Correct Answer Presence of a foreign body
Explanation:
Two clinical clues should make the examiner suspect a foreign
body. First, the patient has continued drainage despite treatment.
, Second, the drainage is unilateral. Unilateral drainage from a
nostril should prompt the examiner to visualize the turbinates. In
this case, a foreign body could probably be visualized.
A 3 year-old has fluid in the middle ear that does not appear
infected. The eardrum appears normal. This is referred to as:
serous otitis media.
acute otitis media.
otitis media with effusion.
middle ear effusion. Correct Answer middle ear effusion.
Correct
Explanation:
Middle ear effusion refers to the presence of fluid in the middle
ear. This is present in both otitis media with effusion and acute
otitis media. Since the eardrum appears normal and the fluid
does not appear infected, there is no reason to suspect otitis
media, acute or with effusion. Another name for otitis media
with effusion is serous otitis media. Other terms for this are
secretory or nonsuppurative otitis media.
A 30 year old male has been diagnosed with non-allergic
rhinitis. What finding is more likely in non-allergic rhinitis than
allergic rhinitis?
Older age of symptom onset
Male gender
Post nasal drip
Sneezing Correct Answer Older age of symptom onset
Explanation:
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