Summary
Summary Astr 114 Final Exam Review
- Course
- ASTR 114
- Institution
- State University Of New York - Binghamton
This is a comprehensive and detailed final exam review for Astr 114. *Essential Study Material!!
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Chapter 1: Starry night, lunar phenomena, Johannes Kepler analyzed data gathered by Tychonewton laws, light, matter, energy, telescopes and discovered that the T
Over the course of a night, Polaris moves less than The seasons on Earth are caused by its elliptical orbit
any other visible star T around the Sun F
As it moves in its orbit, Earth is always exactly 1AU Lunar eclipses are more commonly seen than solar
from the Sun F eclipses T
The seasons on Earth are caused by its elliptical orbit The celestial coordinates of the Sun change from day
around the Sun F to day T
It is possible to view the M in first-quarter phase the The energy levels for electrons vary form one
same day as a total F element to another T
A solar eclipse can only occur when the Moon is The angular resolution of a telescope is never less
new T than its diffraction T
Copernicus’s S centered model of the SS gave much Improvements in tech will eventually allow the
predictions Ptolemy F entire electromagneticF
The celestial coordinates of the Sun change from day Optical telescopes are usually used only at night but
to day T radio telescopes T
No matter where you live on E, the Sun is always One light-hour is the distance that light travels in an
directly overhead at noonF hour. How far in this in kilometers? 1.08
There is no gravity in space F billion km
Doubling the distance between 2 objects halves the Where on Earth would you be if Polar was your
gravitational force btw F zenith? North pole
Grass is green because it absorbs green light, Which of these stars lie closest to the north celestial
reflecting all other colors F pole on the celestial sphere? Deneb
The shorter the wavelength of light, the higher its You note that a particular star passes through your
frequency T meridian. It will pass your meridian again in
Xrays, because they have more energy, travel 23 hours 56 minutes
through space faster than v F Which of the following is the reason for the solar
You are currently emitting electromagnetic waves in day being longer than the sidereal day? The
the infrared region of T combined effect of the rotation of Earth
Lines of a particular element appear at the same Why do we see essentially the same face of the moon
wavelength in both emissi T at all times? Because the Moon’s rotational
A radio telescope and an optical telescope of the and orbital periods are equal
same size have the sameDF Which statement about the first quarter moon is
Professional astronomical telescopes generally have FALSE? From the Earth it appears 25%
a much greater magni F sunlit
Xrays from astronomical objects can only be In addition to the conditions required for any solar
detected from telescopes in sT eclipse what must also be true to observe a
It is much easier to build large reflecting telescopes total solar eclipse? The moon’s umbra must
than large refracting T touch the area
The light gathering ability of a telescope is most It took 2 centuries for the Copernican model to
dependent on the diameter replace Ptolemaic model bc there was no
In the softball model of the ss it would take a few scientific evidence to support either model
minutes 2 walk from theT Scientists today do not accept the Ptolemaic model
Constellations r close clusters of stars all at about the bc the work of Tycho
same distance fromS F Kepler’s 1 law worked where Copernicu’ original
If the star rises about 9PM 2nite and with the heliocentric model failed bc elliptical, not
sidereal day being 4mins lessT circular
Earth is always precisely 1AU from the Sun all year A circular orbit would have an eccentricity of 0
around F
, Kepler’s 2nd law implies what about planetary photo will seem to show only one star
motion? A planet moves faster when closer rather
to the sun The Arecibo Radio telescope in Puerto Rico 305,
Kepler’s 3rd law, p2=a3 means that all the above are 0.03-1.0, 0.5 LCA=73,000 D.L = 410
correct Suppose we imagine the S to be about the size of a
From Kepler 3rd law, an asteroid with an orbital of 8 grapefruit. How big an areas would the orbits
yrs 4 astronomical units of the eight size of Binghamton campus
A planet who’s distance from the S is 3 A.U orbital What are constellations? Groups of stars making
period = √27 an apparent pattern in
Grass (that is healthy) looks green bc it reflects While watching a star, you see it moves 45 degrees
green light and absorbs other colors across the sky 3 hours
The wavelength of a wave is the distance between How long is the precession cycle 26,000 years
two adjacent peaks of A year is defined as the time it takes for E to
The frequency of a wave is all of the above complete an orbit around S
Which of the following type electromagnetic You note that a particular star is directly overhead. It
radiation lowest energy radio will be directly 23hr56
Suppose a photon has a f of 300 mill hertz, what is All of the following statements are true, which one
its wavelength? 1meter explains the reason why there is not a solar
When white light passes through a cool cloud of gas eclipse at every new moon? The orbital plane of
we c an absorption line spectrum the m is tilted by 5
At which of these Kelvin temp would a blackbody What causes the apparent retrograde motion of the
radiate400-700nm 6000K planets? As E passes another planet, the
According to Wein’s Law if the surface temp is other planet appears to move backwards with
increased by a factor of 6 its peak wavelength respect to the backgro
will decrease by a factor of 6 The force of gravity varies with the product of the
Spectral lines are often referred to as stars two masses, and inverse square of the distances
fingerprints bc all of these are √ separating the two bodies.
If the rest wavelength of a certain spectral line is According to Newton’s law of universal graviatoin,
600nm, but we observe it at 700 nm then the if the M were 6x further from E, the force by E
source is moving away form us at 50,000 on the M would decrease by a factor of 36
What do astronomers mean by light pollution light Given: the planets orbiting the nearby star 51 Pegasi,
pollution refers to light used for human 20x, 400x, M=5.98 x 10^24, R= 6.37x 10^6 ,
activities that brightens the sky and weight = the same as you do here
hinders Consider this diagram, which statement is true,
Which of the following statement’s best describes updown4, leftright6 the wavelength is 6
the two principle advantages of telescopes Of all the forms of electromagnetic radiation, the one
over eyes? Telescopes can collect far more with the lowest f is radio waves
light with far better angular To see the S’s hot outerlayer at a temp of 1,000,000
Which of the following is not a reason why K which part of the the X-ray
telescopes tend to be built on mountaintops The Orion-Nebula, M-42 is a hot, thin cloud of
that are relatively the thin air on glowing gas so its spectrum is a few bright
mountaintops lines against a dark background (emission
The largest effective telescope created by radio spectrum)
interferometry is size Earth If the source of light is approaching us at 3,000km/s,
What is the light gathering power of an 20in then all waves blue shifted by 1%
telescope compared to 10in telescope 4x It is diffraction that limits the resolution of a
The angular separation of 2 stars is 0.1 arcsec and telescopes objective
you photograph them with a telescope the What is the light gathering power of an 8in telescope
compared to 4inch telescope 4x
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