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ORTHOPEDIC NURSE CERTIFICATION EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+
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ORTHOPEDIC NURSE CERTIFICATION EXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+
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ORTHOPEDIC NURSE CERTIFICATIONEXAM WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+
Differentiate between linear, oblique, and transverse fractures.
Correct Answer LINEAR: the fracture forms a straight line
through the bone; doesn't tell if fracture line is angled or
horizontal; a linear can be oblique or transverse
OBLIQUE: fracture line that travels at an angle through the bone
TRANSVERSE: break that travels in a horizontal line through the
bone.
Don't ever just say a fracture line is linear - differentiate with
oblique or transverse.
Describe/give examples of following bony injuries. Correct Answer
1) CRUSH - caused by large stress on a small area; results in
multiple break lines and severe soft tissue damage; EX:
sledgehammer coming down on a finger or heavy suspended
mass falling on foot or leg
2) COMPRESSION - happens with large axial loading force; most
often in vertebrae; EX: landing on feet or butt, fall from a
moderate height
3) STRESS - not sustained by one-time incident but instead with
repetitive activity that stresses a normal bone over time
Differences between plaster of Paris and fiberglass casting.
Correct Answer PLASTER OF PARIS: slightly cheaper, molds
well but is heavier and has longer drying time/setting; not ideal for
kids in an outpatient setting/upper extremity injury
,FIBERGLASS: more expensive, comes in different colors, molds
well, lightweight, drying time is as little as 5 minutes, more water
resistant; BUT edges are more abrasive and they tend to be
hotter
How to choose? - cost, physician comfort/familiarity, joint being
immobilized, injury being treated & patient type
Discuss the 4 main types of bone. Correct Answer 1) LONG
BONE: longer than they are wide; consist of shaft (diaphysis) and
head (epiphysis); EX: humerus, femur
2) SHORT BONE: cubical in shape; consist of spongy bone; EX:
carpals in wrist
3) FLAT BONE: thin and flat with slight curvature; contain mostly
compact bone; EX: skull bones
4) IRREGULAR BONE: don't fit above classifications; consist of
spongy bone with thin compact outer layer; EX: vertebrae, pelvic
girdle bones
Describe angulation and rotational fractures. Correct Answer
ANGULATION FX: force that causes bony fragment to become
broken transversely, then misaligned; usually in a v shape; EX:
same as that of a tapping force, like using forearm to block a blow
ROTATIONAL FX: force causes a spiraling fracture line; seen in
arms or lower leg - when seen in child, raises question of abuse
Define fracture, dislocation, and subluxation. Correct Answer 1)
FRACTURE: a break in a bone; may or may not involve a joint
surface; may be full thickness or partial thickness
, 2) DISLOCATION: complete disruption in a joint where joint
surfaces of both bones no longer make contact
3) SUBLUXATION: incomplete dislocation of joint from its normal
position; still partial contact of joint surfaces; "partial dislocation"
3 injuries that can be sustained from a knee that hits the
dashboard in a MVA. Correct Answer 1) DASHBOARD
FRACTURE: fracture of the rim of the acetabulum; caused by
impact of femoral head
2) PATELLAR FRACTURE: force of kneecap on dash
3) POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (PCL) TEAR
4 Main Components of describing and classifying a fracture
Correct Answer 1) LOCATION: distal, proximal, lateral,
numbering (phalanges, tarsals, 3rd, 4th, etc.); can also describe
the portion of the bone involved (diaphysis, epiphyses)
2) DESCRIPTION OF FRACTURE LINE: comminuted,
segmented, compressed, transverse
3) DISPLACEMENT OF FRACTURE/ITS FRAGMENTS: non-
displaced, angulated, distracted, simply displaced
4) THE CONDITION OF SOFT TISSUE SURROUNDING THE
BREAK: open or closed
Define avulsion, comminuted, and greenstick fractures. Correct
Answer AVULSION: break that displaces a portion of bone from
its usual position
COMMINUTED: describes fracture that results in greater than 2
bony fragments; usually describes crush injury
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