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Properties of Acids and Bases Questions and Answers

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Properties of Acids and Bases Questions and Answers Acid An acid is a compound that produces hydonium ions (H30+) when dissolved in water. Recall that hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water, it ionizes and forms hydronium ions and chloride ions. HCI+H20-->H3O++CI- The solution that results i...

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  • September 28, 2024
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Properties of Acids and Bases
Questions and Answers
Acid - answer An acid is a compound that produces hydonium ions (H30+) when
dissolved in water. Recall that hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water, it ionizes and
forms hydronium ions and chloride ions. HCI+H20-->H3O++CI- The solution that results
is called hydrochloric acid.

Common Acids - answer Acetic Acid: CH3COOH/Vinegar
Carbonic Acid: H2CO3/Carbonated Beverages
Hydrochloric Acid: HCI/Digestive Juices in Stomach
Nitric Acid: HNO3/Fertilizer Production
Phosphoric Acid: H3PO4/Fertilizer Production
Sulfuric Acid: H2SO4/Car Batteries

General Properties of Acids - answer Sour taste, reactivity with metals, and ability to
product color changes in indicators.

Sour Taste - answer Foods that taste sour often contain acids. While many of the
foods you eat contain acids, you should never test an acid by tasting it.

Reactivity With Metals - answer The reaction between an acid and a metal is an
example of a single-replacement reaction. For example, when zinc is added to a test
tube containing hydrochloric acid, bubbles form in the tube. The following equation
describes the reaction. Zn+2HCI-->H2+ZnCI2 As the zinc replaces hydrogen in
hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas and zinc(II) chloride are produced.

Indicator - answer An indicator is any substance that changes color in the presence
of an acid or base.

Indicator Example/Litmus - answer One of the most common indicators used is
litmus, a kind of dye derived form plants called lichens. Litmus paper is made by coating
strips of paper with litmus. Blue litmus paper turns red in the presence of an acid. If you
drop an unknown solution onto blue litmus paper and the litmus paper turns red, you
can classify the solution as an acid.

Base - answer A compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in
water. Ex.) When sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dissolves in water, it dissociates into
sodium ions and hydroxide ions. NaOH-->Na++OH--

General Properties of Bases - answer Bitter taste, slippery feel, and ability to
produce color changes in indicators. Unlike acids, bases usually do not react with
metals. However, low reactivity with metals is not considered a general property of

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