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Biology nucleic acid structure Questions and Answers

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Biology nucleic acid structure Questions and Answers DNA and RNA are nucleic acids, polymers made of subunits called nucleotides nucleic acid a polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and cellular activities 0:12 / 0:30 nucleotides b...

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  • September 28, 2024
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Biology nucleic acid structure Questions
and Answers
DNA and RNA are - answer nucleic acids, polymers made of subunits called
nucleotides

nucleic acid - answer a polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as
a blueprint for proteins and cellular activities

nucleotides - answer building block of nucleic acid, consisting of a 5 carbon sugar
covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group (G)

one difference between RNA and DNA - answer is the type of sugar their nucleotides
contain

what type of sugar does DNA contain? - answer deoxyribose

what type of sugar does RNA contain? - answer ribose

ribose - answer has one more oxygen atom than deoxyribose

RNA and DNA are each composed of - answer four different nucleotides that differ in
their nitrogenous bases

what nitrogenous bases are the same in DNA and RNA? - answer adenine, guanine,
and cytosine

what is the fourth base in DNA? - answer thymine

what is the fourth base in RNA? - answer uracil

the nitrogenous bases (G)(A) - answer each have two linked atoms and are called
purines

(C)(T)(U) bases each have - answer a single ring and they are called pyrimidines

carbon atoms in a nucleotides sugars are numbered beginning w/ the carbon bonded to
the - answer nitrogenous base, moving around ring to the phosphate group

the 1' carbon is bonded to - answer the nitrogenous base

the 3' carbon is bonded to - answer the next nucleotide

, the 5' carbon is bonded to - answer the phosphate group

polynucleotides - answer long chains of nucleotides

polynucleotides are always assembled - answer in the 5' to 3' direction

a covalent bond forms between - answer the carbon at the 3' position of a nucleotide
and the phosphate group at the 5' position of the next nucleotide

RNA usually consists of - answer a single polynucleotide chain

DNA usually consists of - answer two polynucleotide chains

the two DNA strands are - answer oriented in opposite directions and held together
by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases on opposite strands

adenine pairs with - answer thymine

cytosine pairs with - answer guanine

the two polynucleotides in DNA wind around each other to form - answer the double
helix

the bases can be - answer in any order, but the base sequence is significant

the different sequences of bases make up - answer genes

genes - answer encode the instructions for the structure and function of an organism

New nucleotides are added to the - answer 3' end of a growing polynucleotide

Hershey and Chase - answer confirmed DNA's preeminent role in genetics as the
material of a virus called phage T2

phage - answer a virus that infects bacteria; bacteriophage

what does the phage consist of? - answer a head, sheath, tail, and base plate made
of different proteins

where is DNA packaged in the phage? - answer within the head of the virus

when T2 comes in contact w/E.coli - answer the phage attaches to the bacterium by
its tail

lyses - answer the bacterium breaking open

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