A&P EXAM 5 2024/2025 NEWEST!!! COMPLETE ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS )
PASS GUARANTEED.
Where in the nephron does most solute reabsorption occur?
distal convoluted tubule proximal convoluted
tubule collecting duct glomerulus - ANSWER-
proximal convoluted tubule
Approximately 80% of the energy used for active transport is devoted
to the reabsorption of __________.
glucose sodium water
potassium - ANSWER-sodium
What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus? a system that protects the
nephron from some chemicals found in blood a system for diluting
urine a system for concentrating urine a system that regulates the
rate of filtrate formation and systemic blood pressure - ANSWER-a
system that regulates the rate of filtrate formation and systemic
blood pressure
Which of the following substances is not normally found in filtrate?
ions, such as sodium and potassium blood cells and large
particles
nitrogenous waste particles, such as urea water and small
solutes - ANSWER-blood cells and large particles
,What is the primary driving force (pressure) that produces glomerular
filtration?
hydrostatic pressure of blood (blood pressure) gravity colloid
osmotic pressure of blood - ANSWER-hydrostatic pressure of blood
(blood pressure)
Which substance would be found in higher concentration if the
membrane were damaged? protein glucose creatinine chloride
- ANSWER-protein
If the osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries increased from 28
mm Hg to 35 mm Hg, would net filtration increase or decrease?
net filtration would not be altered net filtration would increase net
filtration would decrease - ANSWER-net filtration would decrease
Calculate the net filtration pressure if capillary hydrostatic pressure is
60 mm Hg, capillary osmotic pressure is 25 mm Hg, and capsular
hydrostatic pressure is 10 mm Hg.
50 mm Hg
35 mm Hg
60 mm Hg
25 mm Hg - ANSWER-25 mm Hg
Which of the following best describes glomerular filtration rate
(GFR)?
,the volume of urine leaving the kidneys per minute the volume of
filtrate created at the glomerulus per liter of blood flowing through
the glomerular capillaries the volume of blood flowing through the
glomerular capillaries per minute the volume of filtrate created by
the kidneys per minute – ANSWER-the volume of filtrate created by
the kidneys per minute
GFR regulation mechanisms primarily affect which of the following?
blood osmotic pressure (OPg) glomerular hydrostatic pressure
(HPg) capsular hydrostatic pressure (HPc) capsular osmotic
pressure (OPc) - ANSWER-glomerular hydrostatic pressure (HPg)
Which of the following are mechanisms of intrinsic control of
glomerular filtration (renal autoregulation)?
myogenic mechanism and sympathetic nervous system control
sympathetic nervous system control and the renin-angiotensin
mechanism
tubuloglomerular feedback and the renin-angiotensin mechanism
myogenic mechanism and tubuloglomerular feedback – ANSWER-
myogenic mechanism and tubuloglomerular feedback
Macula densa cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) regulate
GFR through which intrinsic mechanism?
myogenic mechanism renin-angiotensin mechanism sympathetic
nervous system control tubuloglomerular feedback - ANSWER-
tubuloglomerular feedback
, The myogenic mechanism of renal autoregulation primarily involves
smooth muscle in which blood vessels?
systemic arterioles glomeruli efferent arterioles
afferent arterioles - ANSWER-afferent arterioles
What does a high concentration of NaCl in the renal tubule at the
juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) most likely indicate?
insufficient NaCl reabsorption due to low GFR excessive
NaCl reabsorption due to low GFR insufficient NaCl
reabsorption due to high GFR
excessive NaCl reabsorption due to high GFR - ANSWER-insufficient
NaCl reabsorption due to high GFR
Through the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism, how would an
increase in filtrate NaCl concentration affect afferent arteriole
diameter?
Afferent arteriole diameter would decrease.
Afferent arteriole diameter would increase.
Afferent arteriole diameter would stay about the same. – ANSWER-
Afferent arteriole diameter would decrease.
Granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) regulate GFR
indirectly through which mechanism? tubuloglomerular feedback
mechanism myogenic mechanism renin-angiotensin mechanism
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