Obstructive Shock - ANSWER- Inability of blood to enter or exit heart properly
ex: tamponade, tension pneumothorax
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) - ANSWER- Severe tissue trauma
activates an inflammatory response leading to vasodilation, capillary permeability, and
coagulation
Early (Compensated) Shock - ANSWER- Normal BP
Weak, thready pulse
Deep and rapid RR
Normal lactic levels
Anxious
Late (Decompensated) Shock - ANSWER- Decreased BP
Tachycardia
Shallow and rapid RR
Increased Lactic
Decreased LOC
Decreased urinary output
BUN to Creatinine Ratio - ANSWER- Normal - 10:1
Indicated effective renal function
Trauma Triad of Death - ANSWER- Hypothermia
Acidosis
Coagulopathies
Blood Loss Grades - ANSWER- I - Loss of 15% with normal BP
II - Loss of 15-30% with normal BP
III - Loss: of 31-40% with lowered BP
IV - Loss > 40% with hemodynamic instability
Permissive Hypotension - ANSWER- Maintaining BP as low as 70/40 so allow for
clotting.
Contra-indicated in head injuries, peds, and elderly
SCIWORA - ANSWER- Spinal Cord Injury WithOut Radiological Abnormality
Common in Age < 2 yrs
Significance of Bariatric Patients - ANSWER- Increased HR and RR at baseline
Increased abdominal pressures
Increased risk of coagulopathies
SBIRT - ANSWER- Comprehensive intervention to deliver treatment for substance use
disorders
Screening
Brief Intervention
Referral to Treatment
Triad of Abusive Brain Injury - ANSWER- Subdural Hemorrhage
Retinal Hemorrhage
Decreased LOC
Types of Stress Disorders - ANSWER- State of Crisis - Immediately after event
Acute Stress Disorder - Lasting at least three days
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - Lasting one month or longer
Three things to identify state of crisis - ANSWER- 1. Perception of the event
2. Support System
3. Coping mechanisms
Steps of Research - ANSWER- 1. Research question
2. Literature Review
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