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Bio principles unit 3 exam guide graded A

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what must cells do in order to reproduce and perpetuate the species - answer-reproduce cell reproduction involves - answer-mitosis and cytokinesis cells that evolve through mitosis and cytokinesis are - answer-identical In the cells of some organisms, mitosis occurs without cytoki-nesis. T...

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  • September 28, 2024
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Bio principles unit 3 exam guide graded
A
what must cells do in order to reproduce and perpetuate the species - answer-
✔reproduce


cell reproduction involves - answer-✔mitosis and cytokinesis


cells that evolve through mitosis and cytokinesis are - answer-✔identical


In the cells of some organisms, mitosis occurs without cytoki-nesis. This will result
in - answer-✔cells with more than one nucleus.


meiosis is a form of sexual reproduction that involves - answer-✔species that
reproduce sexually


meiosis scrambles the genetic information from both of the parents and - answer-
✔reduces the chromosome number by ½ to produce eggs and sperm.
-insures variation


chromosomes - answer-✔-a cellular structure carrying genetic material.
-found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
-each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated
proteins
-chromosome=dyad; two chromatid when duplicated

,somatic cells - answer-✔-any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm, or
egg or their precurser


gametes - answer-✔-a haploid reproductive cell
-egg or sperm
-unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote


the only haploid cells we have in our bodies are - answer-✔gametes


at fertilization, the full complement of paired chromosomes - answer-✔is restored


mitosis - answer-✔-division and replication of the nucleus into two identical nuclie
-can occur by itself, but usually involves cytokinesis
-conserves chromosome number by allocating replicated chromosomes to each of
the daughter uncle
-PMAT


cell reproduction - answer-✔cell division, involving cytokinesis and typically
mitosis


reduction of chromosomes - answer-✔reducing the number of chromosomes is
absolutely essential in reproducing species


a sexual reproduction - answer-✔reproduction with only one individual by budding
or by the division of a single cell or the entire organism into two or more parts.

,What is the advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction? - answer-
✔-sexual reproduction offers more variation and offspring that are more
genetically unique


do bacteria undergo mitosis? - answer-✔No-(mitosis is duplication and division of
the nucleus)
-bacteria undergo BINARY FISSION


prokaryotic cells are - answer-✔less complicated


Is cell reproduction/division synonymous with mitosis? - answer-✔No. Mitosis is
the division of the nucleus, mitosis can occur without cell division


do all cells divide after they are produced? - answer-✔no-muscle tissue/neurons do
not divide, as well as liver
-no need to go to G1, stays at G0


Cell cycle - answer-✔PMAT
-cells go through four stages during cell reproduction
-an ordered sequence of events in the life of a cell


What are the 7 Phases of the Cell Cycle? - answer-✔interphase
g1
s1
g2
mitotic phase

, mitosis
cytokinesis


interphase - answer-✔-phases G1, S, G2
-portion of the cell with main metabolic activity- cellular respiration,
photosynthesis, making protein
-"the resting phase" but not really at rest
-no dividing
-accounts for 90% of cell cycle
-produces a lot of ATP


condition of DNA in interphase - answer-✔there are the same number of
chromosomes in G1 (46) and G2 (46), S (92)


chromatin - answer-✔-loosley scattered arrangement of chromosomes in interphase
-DNA-protein complex found in eukaryotic cells, condition of dna during
interphase


when the cell is not deviding, - answer-✔chromatin exists in its dispersed form.
-very long, thin fibers that are not visible with a light telescope


g1 - answer-✔-the first gap phase
-site of active growth and metabolism
-unduplicated DNA present
-this is a gap between metabolic and duplication
-final destination for adult cells:neurons and muscles

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