(PMH-C) Perinatal Mental Health Certification –
Questions And Answers (100% Correct)
Perinatal Period Right Ans - conception through the first year after giving
birth.
Antenatal Right Ans - Term meaning "During Pregnancy"
Postpartum/Postnatal Right Ans - The first year after giving birth
Disorders Right Ans - Get in the way of daily functioning.
Every year, how many infants are born to mothers who are depressed?
Right Ans - 400,000, making perinatal depression the most under diagnosed
obstetric complication in America.
What is the prevalence of PMAD's for women? Right Ans - 1 out of 5-7
women.
What is the prevalence of PMAD's for men? Right Ans - 1 out of 10 men.
What is the cost of untreated PMAD's? Right Ans - $14.2 Billion annually
How many pregnancies are unplanned? Right Ans - ~50%
What are the PMAD etiologies (causes)? Right Ans - Biological Sensitivity to
hormonal changes (sleep deprivation), Vulnerability (such as genetic
disposition), psychological (relationship with own mother, ambivalence to
parenthood, self-image/perfectionism), Social/environmental (hx of trauma,
poor social support, institutional racism).
In what ways does culture influence whether PMAD's are recognized?
Right Ans - There are diverse ways that mothers conceptualize and explain
their symptoms culturally. They may not feel they are safe to express their
symptoms. May be expressed in somatic (eg. stomach pains or appetite
changes) or affective ways (moods, feelings).
,Why is there variability in prevalence rates of PMAD's? Right Ans - Cultural
context, screening inventories, cutoffs used on objective measures, timing of
screening and onset of symptoms, relationship between the subject and the
researcher.
What is the strongest predictor for paternal (fathers) depression. Right Ans
- Maternal depression
When do father's depressive symptoms spike? Right Ans - Between 3-6
months postpartum
What is "masked" male depression? Right Ans - Rather than sadnes, men
may increase substance use, be more irritable, aggressive or hostile. May
"check out", self isolate.
Possible factors for partner depression. Right Ans - Feeling
burdened/trapped, financial burdens, feeling left out, missing sexual
relationship, sleep deprivation, isolation and loneliness, poor social support
network.
Is this pregnancy emotions or depression? Mood is labile (frequently
changes), teary. Right Ans - Pregnancy
Is this pregnancy emotions or depression? Mood is gloom, irritable, agitation,
or rage Right Ans - Depression
Is this pregnancy emotions or depression? Self esteem is low. Guilt. Right
Ans - Depression (In pregnancy, self esteem is unchanged)
Is this pregnancy emotions or depression? Difficulty initiating and/or
sustaining sleep. Right Ans - Depression (Having to urinate frequently or
having heartburn are symptoms of pregnancy).
Is this pregnancy or depression? Fatigue, rest does not restore. Right Ans -
Depression (May be tired during pregnancy but rest restores.)
Is this pregnancy or depression? Anhedonia Right Ans - Depression.
Anhedonia is the inability to feel pleasure.
, Is this pregnancy or depression? Dysregulation of appetite Right Ans -
Depression
How many new mothers are universally affected by the Baby Blues? Right
Ans - 60-80%
Hormone fluctuation at the time of birth and acute sleep deprivation can lead
to what common situation or non-disorder? Right Ans - baby blues
How long do the baby blues last? Right Ans - 2 days to 2 weeks after birth
When do baby blues typically peak? Right Ans - on day 3-5 after delivery.
What are the symptoms of baby blues? Right Ans - tearfulness, lability,
reactivity, and exhaustion. Unrelated to stress or prior psychiatric hx.
When making a determination between baby blues and major depression,
what should be considered? Right Ans - severity/intensity, timing/onset,
duration/chronicity
Under the DSM-5, what code can we use for postpartum depression? Right
Ans - Major Unipolar Depression (with peripartum onset)
For the DSM-5 code of Major Unipolar Depression (with peripartum onset), 5
or more symptoms must be present with the same 2-week period: Right
Ans - Depressed mood most of the day nearly every day. Loss of interest, joy
or pleasure (anhedonia). Significant wt or appetite changes. Sleep
disturbances. Psychomotor agitation/retardation. Fatigue/loss of energy.
Poor concentration/focus/indecisiveness. Feelings of worthlessness.
Excessive/inappropriate guilt. Recurrent thoughts of death/suicidal thoughts.
Signs of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Right Ans - Excessive anxiety/worry.
Difficulty controlling one's worry. Agitation/Irritability. Restlessness. Poor
concentration. Easily fatigues/sleep disturbances. Increased somatic
symptoms.
What is the prevalence for prenatal anxiety? Right Ans - 15.8%
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