What are the tenets of most nursing theories? - ✔✔Client, environment, health, nursing
Theory - ✔✔explains relationships between observed behavior and their effects on the
clients help
Model - ✔✔explains complex reality in a systemic and organized matter
Jean Watson - ✔✔Theory of Human Caring: Client has needs, grows, and develops to reach a
state of inner harmony, whole person is more important then individual injury.
Patricia Benner Theory - ✔✔Novices, advance beginner, competent, proficent, expert
Roy Adaption Theory - ✔✔More recently, she states that health is the process of being and
becoming an integrated and whole person. Roy's goal for nursing is "the promotion of
adaptation in each of the four modes, thereby contributing to the person's health, quality of life
and dying with dignity".
Dorothea E. Orem Self-Care Model (3 levels of functioning) - ✔✔Health care is each
individuals own responsibility. Help direct and carry out activities that maintain or improve
their health. Center is client, health is defined by persons ability to live fully within particular
physical, biological and social environment. Goal is to reach highest level or human functioning.
Immogene King Goal of Attainment Model - ✔✔Widely accepted practice, must function in
personal, interactional, and social. Environment is the important concept because personal and
interpersonal systems are central. Go hand in hand with the patient for every step of the way.`
, Neuman Health-Care System Model - ✔✔focuses on the individual and his or her
environment and is applicable to a variety of health-care disciplines apart from nursing, also
includes elements from stress.
Middle range theory - ✔✔Concrete concepts and properties hypothesis and developed
nursing theory
Three levels of functioning (Orem) - ✔✔wholly- can carry out few or no self care activities
Partially-patient can do most of their self-care needs but still need some help
Supportive- can meet all needs and nurses just teach how to maintain/improve
What is the nursing process - ✔✔Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluating
Critical Thinking - ✔✔ability to focus thinking to get results needed in various situations
Critical Judgement - ✔✔the conclusion
Steps in critical thinking - ✔✔1. gain insight and self-awareness
2. build trust
3. use EBP
4. develop skills
5. ask for feedback
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