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Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 2 Set 1 Questions and Answers | Latest Update $13.49   Add to cart

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Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 2 Set 1 Questions and Answers | Latest Update

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First 5 steps in the inflammatory process 1. mast cell degranulation 2. activation of coagulation cascade 3. activation of kinin cascade 4. release of chemotactic factors 5.Activation of the complement cascade Role/function in the inflammatory process: Complement Form the membrane atta...

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  • September 27, 2024
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  • Nurs 5315
  • Nurs 5315
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Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 2 Set 1
Questions and Answers | Latest Update
First 5 steps in the inflammatory process


✓ 1. mast cell degranulation

✓ 2. activation of coagulation cascade

✓ 3. activation of kinin cascade

✓ 4. release of chemotactic factors

✓ 5.Activation of the complement cascade




Role/function in the inflammatory process: Complement


✓ Form the membrane attack complex

✓ bacterial lysis

✓ vasodilation

✓ Increased vascular permeability

✓ triggers mast cell degranulation

✓ chemotaxis

✓ opsonization - opsonins tag foreign pathogens for elimination by

phagocytes




Role/function in the inflammatory process: kinin



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✓ turned into bradykinin which is responsible for pain, chemotaxis and

Increased vascular permeability and vasodilation




Role/function in the inflammatory process: Coagulation cascade


✓ plays role in activating the kinin syste m

✓ Factor XII (Hagemon factor) activates kinin and forms a fibrin mesh to

stop bleeding and trap microorganisms




Role/function in the inflammatory process: chemotactic factors


✓ once released attract neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes for

phagocytosis




Role/function in the inflammatory process: Neutrophils


✓ show up at the site of injury in 6 -8 hours

Neutrophils express and release cytokines, which in turn amplify inflammatory reactions by

several other cell types. In addition to recruiting and activating other cells of the immune

system, neutrophils play a key role in the front-line defense against invading pathogens.




Role/function in the inflammatory process: monocytes


✓ Show up in 1-7 days

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become macrophages


present antigens to the CD4 cell which leads to Tcell immunity which leads to B cell

immunity


Releases IL1, IL6, TNF and growth factors




Role/function in the inflammatory process: Mast cell degranulation


✓ triggers the activation of the acute phase reactants

This leads to the release of histamine, cytokines, leukotrienes, platelet activation factor and

prostaglandins




Role/function in the inflammatory process: Histamine 1 (H1)


✓ promotes inflammation

smooth muscles, i.e. bronchi - asthma causes bronchoconstriction




Role/function in the inflammatory process: Histamine 2 (H2)


✓ anti-inflammatory properties

gastric mucosa




Role/function in the inflammatory process: cytokines


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✓ IL4 early in the inflammation

IL 13 later in inflammation


TNF




Role/function in the inflammatory process: leukotrienes


✓ released when mast cell degranulates cause vasodilation

attract neutrophils, monocytes eosinophils


Singular impacts leukotrienes




Role/function in the inflammatory process: prostaglandins


✓ released when the mast cell degranulates

produced by the arachidonic pathway


cause vasodilation, platelet aggregation, pain and fever




Role/function in the inflammatory process: platelet-activating factor


✓ derived from fatty acids in the plasma membrane

produced by neutrophils, monocytes, endothelial and platelets


cause endothelial cell retraction, increases vascular permeability, activates platelets,

enhances leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cell

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