Exam 1: NR293/ NR 293 (2024/ 2025 Update)
Pharmacology for Nursing Practice
Comprehensive Final Exam| 100% Correct
Questions and Verified Answers -Chamberlain
What are the more common categories of antibiotic types?
(Mnemonic: Some People Can Make Quick Angry Tatertots) - ANSWER
Sulfonamides, penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, quinolones,
aminoglycosides, tetracyclines.
(Text, pg 604)
What are the 4 most common mechanisms of antibiotic action? - ANSWER
1). Interference with bacterial wall synthesis
2). Interference with protein synthesis
3). Interference with replication of nucleic acids
4). Antimetabolite action that disrupts critical metabolic reactions inside the cell
(Text, pg 604)
,What should be taken prior to the administration of an antibiotic if possible? -
ANSWER A culture (blood, sputum, wound, etc.)
-A broad spectrum antibiotic can then be administered following the sample
collection (empiric therapy) until the culture is grown, and can identify the strain
of bacterial infection. The antibiotic can then be switched to a different type that
is more specific to the treatment of that particular infection strain (definitive
therapy).
(PP Slide 13)
What is meant by the term "Empiric therapy" in regards to antibiotic therapy? -
ANSWER Treatment of an infection before specific culture
information has been reported or obtained.
(PP Slide 13)
,What is meant by "Definitive therapy" in regards to antibiotic therapy? -
ANSWER Antibiotic therapy tailored to treat organism identified
with cultures
(PP Slide 13)
What is meant by "Prophylactic therapy" in regards to antibiotic treatment? -
ANSWER Treatment with antibiotics to prevent an infection such
as those received before and after surgeries and traumatic injuries.
What is a therapeutic response to antibiotic therapy? What are some indications
of this? - ANSWER It means the antibiotic is working correctly.
This is indicated by decreases in specific s/s of the noted infection (fever
decreasing, elevated WBC counts returning to normal levels, resolution of
redness, inflammation decrease, drainage cessation, pain reduction)
, What is a subtherapeutic response? - ANSWER S/S of the
infection do not improve with antibiotic therapy
What is a superinfection? - ANSWER This can occur as a result
of an antibiotic dropping the levels of the normal flora, or killing them completely.
When these are killed off, other non-normative body flora begin to grow and
cause an infection. (Ex: a vaginal yeast infection)
What is Pseudomembranous colitis? - ANSWER This is a type of
superinfection that tends to have a higher level of severity. It is better known as
Clostridium Difficile, or commonly C. Diff.
-This is brought on by the elimination of normal gut flora which is then replaced
by the C.Diff bacteria.
- The most common s/s is watery foul smelling diarrhea occurring frequently,
fever, abdominal pain and cramping.
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