Medical emergencies when prescribing anti-psychotics - Answers -- NMS
- Agranulocytosis
- Serotonin Syndrome
Clinical findings in agranulocytosis - Answers -
Clozaril: most likely side effect if pt develops fever within 6 weeks - Answers -
Myocarditis
Clozaril: if pt develops fever within 6 weeks order a ______, _________ and _______. -
Answers -EKG, CRP, Troponin, as this is likely due to myocarditis
Common complaints in patients with neutropenia:
F,P, U, P - Answers -- Fever (low grade)
- painful swallowing (odynophagia)
- URI (sinusitis, otitis, cough)
- Perirectal pain/irritation
Symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): - Answers -- High fever
- Tachycardia/irregular pulse
- Increased respiratory rate
,- Muscle Rigidity
- altered mental status
Off label TX for NMS - Answers -Amantadine (SYMMETREL)
Serotonin Syndrome onset: - Answers --24 hours of combining antidepressants
Increased dopamine activity in the: ___, ____, and ____. - Answers -Nucleus
accumbuns, amygdala, hippocampus
Mesolimbic dopamine pathways are responsible for (adding something to the behavior):
- Answers -Positive symptoms - Delusions - bizarre behavior - hallucinations -
disorganized speech
Most antipsychotics treat ___________ symptoms. - Answers -positive
Mesocortical pathway: Responsible for a _______ in dopamine activity in ______
condition. - Answers -decreased dopamine activity in schizophrenia
mesocortical pathway are responsible for ____ symptoms, such as (3) - Answers -
Negative Symptoms
1. Flat affect 2. Poverty of Speech 3. Adhedonia Apathy
Tuberoinfundibular pathways: Antipsychotics Decrease _______ causing side effects
thru this pathway - Answers -dopamine
In the Tuberinfundibular pathway, dopamine inhibits ________. - Answers -Prolactin
Tuberoinfundibular pathway: Less dopamine means more ______, more _______
causes less ________
< D = >P = <G - Answers -Less dopamine = more prolactin = less Gonadotropins
(GnRH)
Tuberoinfundibular pathway: decreased _______ (a result of decreased dopamine and
increased prolactin causes these side effects: - Answers -GnRH =
- Decreased labido
- Sex dysfunction
- galactohrrea
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