7th Grade Civics EOC Review With Expert Verified Answers
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7th Grade Civics EOC
Institution
7th Grade Civics EOC
Baron De Montesquieu - Correct Answer View "separation of power"
Founding Fathers used his views when writing the Constitution.
He described the separation of political power among a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary
John Locke - Correct Answer He wrote that government is morally...
7th Grade Civics EOC Review With Expert Verified
Answers
Baron De Montesquieu - Correct Answer View "separation of power"
Founding Fathers used his views when writing the Constitution.
He described the separation of political power among a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary
John Locke - Correct Answer He wrote that government is morally obligated to serve people, namely by
protecting their natural rights of life, liberty, and property.
Think-Declaration of Independence
John Locke "Social Contract" - Correct Answer A social contract is the belief that the state only exists to
serve the will of the people.
He believed when government violates individual rights, people were obligated to rebel.
Think - Declaration of Independence/American Revolution
Magna Carta (1215) - Correct Answer First document to limit the powers of the king - signed in 1215.
Citizens could not be deprived of life, liberty or property without a lawful judgment of their peers or by
law of the land.
Represented by the fifth amendment.
English Bill of Rights (1689) - Correct Answer Established freedom from taxation without
representation, outlawed cruel and unusual punishment, guaranteed the right to bear arms, and many
other rights.
Many of these same rights are included in the U.S. Constitution.
Mayflower Compact (1620) - Correct Answer First document to establish self-government in the
colonies.
Signed before the passengers left the ship, The Mayflower, to settle in Plymouth Colony.
Common Sense (Thomas Paine) - Correct Answer Pamphlet encouraging colonists to demand their
rights as citizens and support independence for the colonies.
,Ideas are echoed in the Declaration of Independence.
Self-Government - Correct Answer Government or control of a country by its own members rather than
by members of a different country.
Declaration of Independence - Correct Answer Statement of American ideals -role of government is to
protect their natural rights (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness) - adopted July 4, 1776.
Also listed grievances against the king. Colonists were angry over being taxed without their consent (no
taxation without representation).
Assent - Correct Answer Official approval or agreement
Tyranny - Correct Answer Cruel and oppressive government or rule.
Shay's Rebellion (1787) - Correct Answer Protests by Massachusetts farmers over tax collections and
judgments for debt. State militia crushed the rebels.
Alarmed politicians - cited as a reason to revise or replace the Articles of Confederation.
Articles of Confederation - Correct Answer First form of government for America.
Many Weaknesses:
Only had a Congress where 9 out of the 13 states had to agree.
No executive or judicial branch (power to enforce or interpret laws).
States had the majority of the power.
Country in debt - no way to raise money.
Preamble to the Constitution - Correct Answer Introduction to the U.S. Constitution, establishing the
goals and purposes of government.
"We the People" = government depends on the people for its power and exists to serve them.
Sets up the six goals of government.
, Constitutional Government - Correct Answer Any government whose authority and construction are
defined by a constitution.
Separation of Powers - Correct Answer Powers of government are divided among three branches of
government: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial.
Limits the power of government.
Montesquieu (French philosopher) believed this was a way to ensure liberty.
Checks and Balances - Correct Answer Each governmental branch has powers to limit (check) the other
branches.
Keeps the balance of power relatively equal between the branches.
Montesquieu (French philosopher) believed this was a way to ensure liberty.
Federalists - Correct Answer Supporters of the Constitution who believe a strong national government
is needed to keep the country united.
Published the Federalist Papers to gain support for the Constitution.
Anti-
Federalists - Correct Answer Feared a strong federal government as created by the Constitution.
Did not believe it would protect states' rights nor people's freedom.
As the Constitution is ratified, they push for a "Bill of Rights" to protect individual liberties.
Bill of Rights - Correct Answer First 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution - details the specific
freedoms that belong to each American citizen.
Rule of Law - Correct Answer No one is above the law.
Foundation of liberty in the United States and it protects us from tyranny; Constitution = limited
government.
Civil Law - Correct Answer Group of laws that refer to disputes among people or organizations.
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