Exam (elaborations)
ANSC 4395-Animal Breeding & Genetics Test 1 with Complete Solutions
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ANSC 4395-Animal Breeding & Genetics Test 1 with Complete Solutions
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ANSC 4395-Animal Breeding & GeneticsTest 1 with Complete Solutions
"Systems Approach" definition - ANSWER-More objective means of determining the
best animal
A.I. & E.T. have allowed for... - ANSWER-Faster progeny testing and selection has
become much more efficient
Accuracy - ANSWER-a measure of the strength of the relationship between true values
and their predictions
Animal - ANSWER-Characteristic genotype(s), may be more than one
EX: Small size, low feed intake, low production, high milkfat
Animal Breeding - ANSWER-scientific field that uses the principles of genetics to aid in
the improvement of livestock
Artificial Selection - ANSWER-selection that is under human control
Best sets of genes = - ANSWER-Best breeding value
Between Breed Selection - ANSWER-the process that determines the breed(s) from
which parents are selected
Biological type - ANSWER-a classification for animals with similar genotypes for traits of
interest
EX: Heavy draft types (horses)
Prolific wool types (sheep)
Dual-purpose types (cattle)
Breeders are more selective on... - ANSWER-male side
Breeding objective - ANSWER-a general goal for a breeding program; notion of what
constitutes the best animal
EX: Topics vs. temperate climate
Breeding Value - ANSWER--the value of an individual as a parent
-the genetic merit of an individual
, Collateral Relatives - ANSWER-relatives that are neither direct ancestors nor direct
descendants of an individual
EX: siblings, aunts, uncles, nephews, neices
Commercial producers are not the end of the production chain. Who is? - ANSWER-
Stockers, growers, feedlots, packers
Commercial producers are relatively unconstrained in... - ANSWER-their breed choice
(cross breed)
Commercial; few produce... - ANSWER-purebred animals, do not practice inbreeding.
Complementarity & hybrid vigor is the focus, as well as productivity & efficiency.
Complementarity - ANSWER-an improvement in the overall performance of offspring
resulting from mating individuals with different but complementary breeding values
Corrective Mating - ANSWER-a mating designed to correct in their progeny faults of one
or both parents
Crossbred - ANSWER-having parents of different breeds or breed combinations
Crossbreeding - ANSWER-the mating of sires of one breed or breed combination to
dams of another breed or breed combination
Culling - ANSWER-the process that determines which parents will no longer remain
parents
Dam - ANSWER-female parent
Dr. Jay Lush - ANSWER-"Father of Modern Animal Breeding"
Dr. Lush also... - ANSWER--Established a formal theoretical framework to the science
of animal breeding
-Established principles of selection, the use of inbreeding to conserve genes of some
individuals, & crossbreeding systems to take advantage of hybrid vigor
Dr. Lush worked at... - ANSWER-Iowa State University in the 1920s and extended the
work of Wright & Fisher to design programs for farm animals
Dr. Sewell Wright - ANSWER--Pioneer of the population genetics field
-Did his research with the USDA and later at the University of Chicago
Dr. Wright & Dr. Fisher's running debates and arguments fueled the rapid development
of the field in what year(s)? - ANSWER-1920s & 1930s
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